Investigation And Utilization Prospect Analysis Of Fruit Germplasm Resources In Dahua Reservoir Region

Dahua reservoir region which includes three power stations Yantan, Dahua and Bailongtan, possesses excellent natural condition and abundant fruit germplasm resources. The resources are distirbuted seperately over the reservoir region and many of them haven’t been utilized except the cultivated species and some special species due to the weak research basis and lack of germplasm imformation. In order to primarly understand the imformation about fruit germplasm resources in Dahua reservoir region and make good use of them, we conducted an investigation into the fruit germplasm resources and its utilization in Dahua reservoir region through on-the-spot inspection, interviewing with authorities concerned and consulting to responding literatures. The results were showed as follow:There were43species of fruit trees which belongs to33generas of21families in Dahua region before it was established in1982.31species of fruit trees were regular fruit tresses and17species were special fruit tresses. The quantity of Rosaceae was the most, which possessed9species and took the proportion of20.93%of all the investigated fruit gerplasm resources; the second one is Rutaceae, which had7species and with a proportion of16.28%, Musaceae, Ebenaceae, Vitaceae, Anacardiaceae, Sapindaceae, Rhamnaceae and Myrtaceae each had2species and took a proportion of4.65%individually. Other families had13species and with a proportion of30.23%.Amoung them, persimmon, lichi and some other fruit trees contained cultivated type, local type and wild type, they possessed ample diversity on the morphorlogy.The ecological condition was changed in Dahua region after the establishment of the reservoir due to flood and agriculture exploitation and deforestation. Now it have38species of fruit trees which belonged to18generas in15families, it decreased by5species which belong to generas in5families. The loss rate of the fruit germplasm resources was22.5%compared with the fruit germplasm resources before the establishment of the reservoir.The fruit industry in the reservoir region got a stable development in recent years, the cultivation area and output of longan decreased while pineapple, chestnut and grape increased. As a whole, the production of fruits in Dahua reservoir region went up steadily.There were still some problems existed in the fruit production in the region, such as low level of fruit cultivation technology, improper cultivar configuration and lag of freshing and proceeding industry. All these may brock the development of the fruit production at a large extent.The uitilization of the fruit germplasm resource were much sample and they were mainly used for cultivation. Many germplasm resources expecially wild resources hadn’t been exploided and utilized yet.There had been some decrease in the biological diversity in Dahua reservoir region due to the repid development of eucalypt and the increasingly frequentcy of farming, many fruit germplasm resources had been lost.This paper decribed the destribution feature, science name and taxology status of the fruit germplasm resources in Dahua reservoir region, and their botanical feature, biological character, chemical component and function were evaluated. The countermeatures of sustainable conservation and utilization were proposed according to the resource condition, natural biology and social economy in Dahua reservoir region. All these were to solve the problems that existes in the fruit resources utilization, preservation and production in the reservoir region and promot the development of rural agricultural economy and increase the earning of farmers.