Research On The Structure Characteristics Of Cutinmembrane During Apple Fruit Development

Postharvest losses include decay loss caused by plant disease and weight loss of fresh fruitcaused by water loss. And there is a close relationship between the loss and fruit cuticlecharacteristics. Cuticle development depends on the quality of fruit postharvest loss rate,therefore, it is necessary to do some further study to provide the relationship between applefruit cuticle membrane structure and storage. In this study, development of Fuji and GalaApple as materials, we study the changes of apple fruit cuticle structure and occurrence offruit surface wax crack during development; at the same time, difference analysis of cutinmembrane structure between different varieties and different areas of fuji apple fruit areexplored. In addition, we explored the related factors of aniline blue staining to evaluationcuticle development of quality of apple fruit, to provide a theoretical basis for aniline bluestaining evaluating of the cuticle development quality of fruit. The results are as follows:1. The change rule of apple fruit cuticle structure at development stageThe cuticle thickness of "Fuji" and "Gala" apple fruit are presented an increasing trend atdevelopment stage, cuticle thickness of Fuji and Gala apple reached the maximum at170dand130d respectively.. The difference of epidermis wax content between Gala Apple’s earlydevelopment and maturity stage is not significant; Epidermis wax content has a decreasingtrend during the development of apple fruit, probably due to the stage of fruit enlargement, thefruit volume increased, resulting in wax content decreases. The waxy crack appeared at70dand50d of the development stage for Fuji and Gala fruit respectively. The Fuji fruit surfacewaxy crack has healing yet Gala still distribute a certain amount waxy crack in the maturestage.2. Analysis of cuticle structure difference between two different varieties at mature periodAt mature stage, cuticle thickness and ratio of epidermal cells’ length and width oflate-maturing varieties fruit of Fuji, Ralls is higher than Jonagold, Red star apple which ismid-maturing variety. There is more wax crack around lenticels and the fruit surface of Ralls.There is less waxy crack around lenticels at pink lady, Red Fuji apple fruit or the crack hashealed.3. Analysis of fruit cuticle structure difference for different areas of Fuji appleThere is certain differences exist at fruit cuticle structure between different areas of Fuji apple in mature period. Fruit cuticle thickness of Luochuan, Huangling and Fengxiang regionis higher than Baishui and Yichuan area. Epidermal cell length/width ratio of Fuji apple inBaishui area is highest, the lowest is Yichuan area, and there was no significant difference invarious regions. Baishui area has the biggest density of fruit lenticels, the smallest densityarea is Fengxiang.surface wax crack are rarely appearance in fruit at Fengxiang, lochuan area,wax of fruit surface has a very uniform distribution, fruit of Fuji apple at Baishui, Huangling,Yichuan area appearance surface wax crack, but most crack have been healing. So we guessFuji apple fruit has the ability to heal wax crack, this is probably has a certain relationshipwith water retention and skin disease incidence of Fuji fruit storage.4. The Aniline blue staining to evaluate the quality of apple fruit cuticle developmentAbsorption of water after staining can reflect the cuticle development status moreobjective and accurate.In the0.06MPa vacuum, keep the vacuum1min, and respond toatmospheric conditions in1min, the dyeing index and Absorption of water of Fuji Apple hasthe highest correlation, can be used as the best conditions of Fuji staining. This method can beused for evaluation of cuticle development quality of maturity Fuji Apple state rapidly.