| Light quality is an important factor of light environment in the facilities. Because of the spectral selectivity absorb of plants, the regulation effects of different light quality in the composition of plant morphogenesis, photosynthesis and metabolism are not identical. There are important effects on crop growth, development and quality under different R:FR values. In recent years, high attention has been thrown to the researches of controlling crop growth and quality in facilities in the use of light quality. It is energy saving and environmental protection. It is conformed to the development direction of "high quality, highly effective, ecology, safe" in the facilities agricultural.Chrysanthemum (Chrysanthemum morifolium Ramat.) is a traditional Chinese famous flowers and one of the world’s four big cut flowers in China. It is an important export flower in China. It has a long cultivation history in our country, and very high ornamental value. With the development of modern science and technology, in order to satisfy people’s demand of ornamental and the economic benefit maximization for chrysanthemum, chrysanthemum cultivation in greenhouse gradually rise. Facility agriculture is the important direction of modern agriculture development in our country. Environmental regulation is the crucial technology in facility agriculture development. How to control the greenhouse microclimate in order to obtain high quality and timely chrysanthemum became the key to modern chrysanthemum cultivation. Only predict the harvest time of chrysanthemum in greenhouse, we could get the further overall planning and marketing decisions.This study was conducted in greenhouse in Nanjing University of Information Science&Technology. Designed different R:FR value treatment test. The test material is cut-flower chrysanthemum’Jingba’. Collect and analysis the meteorological conditions of test time by using meteorological data acquisition system in greenhouse and weather observation field outside the greenhouse. Observe of the morphological indicators, appearance quality, flower bud differentiation and dry matter yield, and analysis the effects of the morphological indicators, appearance quality, flower bud differentiation and dry matter yield under R:FR value treatment. Establish the forecast simulation model of dry matter production and distribution and harvest. Theoretical basis and technical support could be provided for the greenhouse environment controlling and industrialization by the results. And the main research results are as follows:(1) Treatment of R:FR=2.5can significantly accelerate the process of the growth of chrysanthemum. However, treatment of R:FR=2.5can inhibit the process of the growth of chrysanthemum in a certain extent. And under the treatment of R:FR=2.5, three developmental stages of from short day treatment to budding, from budding to grey and breaking bud to harvest, respectively, be advance,8d,11d and7d compared with the the treatment of R:FR=0.5. Cut chrysanthemum under R:FR=2.5treatment required for the shortest time when it completed the flower bud differentiation, which shorten10d compared to the treatment under R:FR=0.5. Flower bud differentiation process increased in parabolic way with R:FR value, and the promoting effect under R:FR=2.5was the strongest. However, the inhibitory effect under R:FR=0.5was obviously. On completing the flower bud differentiation, the relative growth rate under R:FR=2.5was the largest, was1.3times for R:FR=0.5treatment. Model is better conformed between the predicted values and the measured values at the stage from the short day treatment to budding, broken buds and harves. The RMSE of1:1line between predicted values and the measured values were2.1,1.7, and2.7d. The model which established in this study can accurately predict the time of each developmental stage and harvest of chrysanthemum. And the model can provides a theoretical basis and decision support for the anniversary production of chrysanthemum.(2) The maximum plant leaf area and total dry weight of each treatment were at R:FR=2.5. The shoot dry matter weight of per plant and light quality processing days between all R:FR treatments shared a exponential-linear model. With the processing days increasing, the shoot and root dry matter partitioning index between different R:FR values had no significant difference, while leaf dry matter partitioning index had a decreasing trend, and stem dry matter partitioning index showed a trend first increased and then decreased, flower dry matter distribution index showed an increasing trend, at R:FR=2.5, chrysanthemum leaves and flowers dry matter partitioning index were the highest, while stem dry matter partitioning index was the lowest; at R:FR=6.5, stem dry matter partitioning index was the highest, leaf dry matter partitioning index was the lowest; at R:FR=0.5, flower dry matter partitioning index was the lowest; increasing far-infrared component was not conducive to flower dry matter distribution, increasing the proportion of red light can promote stem dry matter distribution, R:FR=2.5was conducive to flower dry matter distribution.(3) According to the influence of temperature, radiation and light quality to chrysanthemum, the ETRQ effect (Effectiveness of tempterature, radiation and light quality, ETRQ) concept was put forward. According to sowing the influence law of chrysanthemum leaf area under ETRQ, constructed leaf area simulation model, then combined the photosynthesis and dry matter production and distribution simulation model with that, Establish the cut-flower chrysanthemum greenhouse production and distribution of dry matter dynamic model which based on ETRQ. Using independent test data to test the model. The results show that the R2, RMSE which between the model prediction results of greenhouse cut-flower chrysanthemum leaf area index and the observed value based on1:1line were0.924and0.924g-m-2, the R2, RMSE which between prediction results of total plant dry matter quality, were0.956,0.956g-m-2; The R2, RMSE of part on the ground, leaves and flowers of dry weight which between predicted results and1:1line respectively,0.996,0.911and0.909;0.597,1.142, and1.324g-m-2.(4) From planting to harvest, The plant height, leaf number per plant, leaf area per plant, stem diameter, flower diameter and flower stalk length of chrysanthemum in all R:FR treatment increased with the effects of temperature and light increasing, and the maximum values obtained at R:FR=2.5. At Harvest, the percentage of A-class products treated by R:FR=2.5was the highest, and was only second to proportion of R:FR=4.5at B-class products. The treatment of R:FR=2.5can significantly ptomote the cut flower chrysanthemum morphological indexes of development and the quality of appearance. |
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