Effect Of Nitrogen,Phosphorus And Potassium Application On Fujiminori Grape Yield And Quality

NPK is the three big nutrient elements in the viticulture. In recent years, due to the influence of the traditional cultivation mode, still give priority to with fertilization on experience, lack of scientific basis and reliable quantitative fertilization. With the development of agricultural modernization and the rise of precision agriculture, the traditional extensive application in the agricultural production mode has been unable to meet the needs of grape production, how to reasonable use of NPK to achieve the high yield and good quality of grape has been the key to viticulture. This test the vineyards of base of fruit trees in jilin agricultural university in2010-2012.This paper use6years Fujiminori grapes as test materials, through the field test,useing the quadratic regression orthogonal rotary combination design, for different NPK fertilizer in the bud and fruit enlargement period to yield, quality analysis, put forward the corresponding index of NPK dosage, the establishment of a different NPK fertilizer processing and grape yield and quality of mathematical model, at the same time, and illustrates the relationship between the corresponding indicators. Conclusion is as follows:1The suitable NPK (N75g/plant; P2O563g/plant; K2O72g/plant) effect to grape plant growth, development, significantly increase the grape leaf area, the new shoots roughness, chlorophyll content and leaf mineral the nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium and magnesium content.2The suitable NPK application with significantly increased fruit transverse diameter and longitudinal diameter, but shape index is less affected. Different treatment on single grain weight and panicle weight get different affect, reasonable NPK fertilizer significantly increased single grain weight and panicle weight.3A moderate amount of NPK fertilizer can effectively promote the grape soluble solid content, soluble sugar, vitamin C content and fruit sugar/acid increase, reduce fruit titratable acid content.4NPK three factors on the grape quality influence size order as follows:(1) NPK to the influence of the content of soluble sugar fruit size:P＞K＞n, phosphorus and potassium for the positive effects and negative effects for nitrogen. Nitrogen and phosphorus and nitrogen potassium and phosphorus, the interaction of potassium fruit soluble sugar content has significant effect, the interaction is as follows:the size of NP＞NK＞PK, nitrogen phosphorus and potassium phosphorus for the positive effects and negative effects of nitrogen for potassium.(2) NPK to fruit titratable acid content of size effect for:K＞N＞P, including nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium are negative effect.Nitrogen and phosphorus and nitrogen potassium and phosphorus, the interaction of potassium fruit soluble sugar content has significant effect, the interaction is as follows:the size of nitrogen and phosphorus NP＞NK＞PK,potassium nitrogen phosphorus, potassium of nitrogen and phosphorus, potassium and phosphorus potassium nitrogen are positive effect.(3) NPK fertilizer for fruit sugar acid ratio effect size for:P＞K＞N, potassium and nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium are positive effect.(4) NPK to fruit vitamin C content of size effect for:K＞P＞N, including nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium are positive effect.5Recommended fertilizer(1) Integrated production and quality related factors, Fujiminori grapes in the experimental place of the fertilizer recommendation for:N is51g/plant, P2O5is63g/plant, K2O is72g/plant,fruit yield and quality is good.(2) The actual amount of NPK respectively control in43.56-57.96g/plant,49.2～62.2g/plant,49.03～65.86g/plant, fruit quality is best.(3) The actual amount of NPK respectively control in68.64～78.94g/plant,49.9～61.89g/plant,53.14～67.49g/plant, grape obtain high yield.6To the established mathematical model and carry on the comprehensive simulation optimization, get the best quality and high yield,The best fertilizer NPK fertilizer ratio of N: P2O5:K2O=1:1.24:1.41.