Study On Organic Materials For Soil Amendment’s Effect On Improving Soil And Reasonable Application Of Technology Research In The Vineyard

There was large area of wine vineyards at the Eastern foot of Helan Mountain, and the wine grape industry has become the main industry here. However, many reasons, such as barren vineyard soil, chemical fertilizers over-reliance, low and unstable yield etc, severely restrict the development of this industry. To solve these bottlenecks, field experiments and laboratory analysis were designed to investigate the influences of different organic fertilizers and its application rates to the physical, chemical and biological features of the earth, as well as the influences to the growth of wine grape, nutrients uptake, yield and quality, in order to establish a set of system of soil improvement and fertilizer technology suitable for sandy and low yield of grape garden in the Eastern foot of Helan Mountain. And the system of soil improvement and fertilizer technology was used to guide production, to increase the quantity of the product, and to improve the quality of wine grape and the wine. It also can be used to increase the economic benefits of enterprises and farmers. In the meanwhile, it can provide some scientific clues to the development of industrial chains of the Eastern foot of Helan Mountain of Ning Xia. There were several main conclusions as followed.1. Effects of organic materials on physical peropertiesApplication of the four kinds of organic materials, which were biological organic fertilizer, sheep dung, BGA, biogas residue, can improve the physical properties of the soil in different levels, reduce soil bulk density, and increase the total porosity of the soil. With the increase of the amount of fertilizer, the improvement of soil physical properties can be more obvious. The effect of application of BGA soil conditioner on the improvement of the soil bulk density was higher than other three kinds of organic fertilizers.2. Effects o organic materials on nutritional compositionApplication of four kinds of organic materials can increase different degrees of soil organic matters and total nitrogen contents, the contents of total phosphorus and available nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, and with the increase of fertilization amount increased in different degrees. Effects of organic fertilizer on soil organic matter contents influence the test dosage conditions vary from big to small:biological organic fertilizer> biogas residue> BGA> sheep manure. Characteristics of nitrogen can be showed in these four kinds of fertilizers, especially the influence of BGA on soil nitrogen over BGA for soil organic amendment containing ammonia odor. The combined effects of four kinds of organic materials on soil nutrient were:BGA> biological organic manure> sheep manure> biogas residue. The test results also showed that application of organic materials could increase the soil enzyme activity and increase the number of soil microorganism.3. Effects of organic materials on the growth and development of grapeThe application of organic materials can promote the growth of new wine grape slightly. On the whole, the improving effect of biological organic fertilizer is stable. The amount of application increases, the effect increases. It shows that good improving effect and equal fertility are good for plant absorption. 4. Effects of organic materials on the yield and quality of wine grapesAll the Application of four kinds of organic materials could improve the quality of fruit of wine grape and improve the yield, but the different amounts can result in different effects. Application of four kinds of organic materials increase the weight of each fruit, increase the amounts of soluble solids, soluble sugar and Vc. It also can effectively reduce the fruit’s acidity, improve the acid ratio of sugar, and has a good effect in the appropriate application rate. Physical and chemical soil properties also have good correlation with the grape quality. In general, among the four kinds of organic materials, the effect of biological organic fertilizer on production is better than the other three, sheep manure, biogas residue and BGA. Among the three, biogas residue also shows a good role.5. Reasonable application rates of organic materialsThe fertilizer effect equation shows that the maximum organic fertilizer、sheep manure、BGA and biogas residue application rate for vine grape were11.45、7.90、8.02and10.88t/ha,and the optimum application amount were10.01,7.62,3.28and9.17t/ha.