Research On The Pollen And Embryo Development Microscopic Observation And Essential Oil Analysis Of Kumquats

Researching on the pollen microstructure, embryo abortion, fruit quality and essential oil constituents, the paper provide reference for innovate of low-seed and seedless and down-stream processing of fruit which use fresh edible species Rong’an Huapi Kumquat and Rong’an Kumquat as material. The results showed that:1. The size, shape, symmetry, germinal aperture, exine sculpture of Rong’an Huapi Kumquat was strongly resembled with Rong’an Kumquat which indicates that these two varieties have a close kinship.2. The seed abortion rate of Rong’an Huapi Kumquat was higher than Rong’an Kumquat. The former was80.8%, and the latter was69.4%. These two varieties were both halfway abortion type. For Rong’an Kumquat, development of secundine and primine was disordered. For Rong’an Huapi Kumquat, development of secundine and primine was disordered, furthermore the conception of pole nucleus was abnormal.3. The oil sac of Rong’an Huapi Kumquat began to appear in the peel9d after flowing, while, the oil sac of Rong’an Kumquat began to appear at the beginning of the fruit development. The oil sac of these two varities differed in density and size, the oil sac of Rong’an Kumquat were more and large than that of Rong’an Huapi Kumquat.4. For Rong’an Huapi Kumquat and Rong’an Kumquat, the weight was17.55g and19.30g, the fruit shape index was1.00and1.09, and the fruit shape was nearly round and oval. The TSS of Rong’an Huapi Kumquat and Rong’an Kumquat ripening fruits were19.6%and16.3%, the titratable acid were0.11%and0.41%, the Vc contents were24.77g/100g and31.05g/100g, and the soluble sugar were23.37g/100ml and19.43g/100ml, which meant that there were significant differences between these two varieties.5. Distillation method was befitte to the extraction of kumquat essential oil. The oil yield of Rong’an Huapi Kumquat and Rong’an Kumquat was0.19%and1.34%.There were42constituents of essential oil in these two varieties,32constituents of essential oil was identified in Rong’an Huapi Kumquat and24in Rong’an Kumquat. The relative amount of identified essential oil was97.40%and87.89%in Rong’an Huapi Kumquat and Rong’an Kumquat.The main cpd. in Rong’an Huapi Kumquat and Rong’an Kumquat essential oil was terpenes. Both of the two varieties contained limonene highest. The special constituents of Rong’an Huapi Kumquat essential oil was mainly sesquiterpenoids, however it was mainly alcohols in special constituents of Rong’an Kumquat essential oil.