Research And Application In The Best Formula Of Fertilizers Of Hefeng County

The scientific name of konjac is amorphophalms konjac or konjac taro, but it is commonly known as konjac, thunder gun and kun amorphopallus. In ancient China, it was also called as demon taro. Since ancient times, amorphophalms konjac was known as a good food to removing intestinal sand. In Japan, it is also known as kun konjac. Its names also also include konjac head (Kai-bao-ben-cao), konjac (Tu-Jing-ben-cao), pedicels lotus(Xinjian, Jiangxi), tiger palm (\Wannian, Jiangxi), umbrella (Dingnan, Jiangxi), snakeheads blades of grass(Fengcheng, Jiangxi), flower stem lotus (Shanxi), ma colocasia esculenta (Shanxi), wild grinding taro (Jiangxi), the spent rods southern star (Jiangxi), soil southern star (Jiangxi), southern star, rhizoma arisaematis (Hechi, Guangxi), ower snakes (Simao, Yunnan). Belonging to araceae amorphophallus, it is a kind of perennial tuber herbs.Some species of the genus Amorphophallus konjac tubers are rich in polysaccharides, especially albus, the Amorphophallus konjac varieties containing up to50-65%. Konjac polysaccharide Konjac glucomannan is also known by many mannose and glucose, β-1,4-glycosidic KIN-linked linear polymer compound, in its molecule Some Glycan connection a certain amount of acetyl groups, the ratio of the molecules of glucose and mannose ranges from1:1.5to1:1.7, the molecular weight can be up to106daltons, ultra-high viscosity, water soluble, the degree of swelling in water King, having some specific biological activities. a variety of purposes of the konjac polysaccharide depend on these characteristics. Except on the purpose in medicine, konjac polysaccharides have a wide range in textile, printing and dyeing, make-up, ceramics, fire protection, environmental protection, military, oil exploration and other purposes. In addition,30%-40%of the fly powder causes in the process of konjac flour, the the flying powder also contains a certain amount of glucomannan, fly powder is a polyhydroxy compound as the main body of the natural polymer compound, so it can be made into orthoester just like starch, used to precipitate soluble heavy metal ions in wastewater.the main ingredients of Konjac is glucomannan sugar which is rich in dietary fiber, amino acids and trace elements.regular consumption of konjac can help to clean the stomach to help digestion, prevention and treatment of diseases of the digestive system; reduce cholesterol, control high blood pressure; prevention and treatment of obesity, longevity; prevention and treatment of diabetes good effect. Wuling Mountain is one of the main producing areas of China’s konjac, perennial planting area is about30kha, accounting for about45%of the total area of the country, more than40%yield. Hefeng perennial planting is1.33kha,the annual output of fresh taro is20kt, can provide farmers with more than50million yuan of cash income is an important source of income for local farmers.Konjac production technology research lags behind, making the production of konjac yield is not high, the potential is great. Based on this problem, we have to carry out the research and application in the best formula of fertilizers of Hefeng County. The test based on national Fertilization technical specifications, In4the town of of the Hefeng County Xiaping, cursory, Wuli, yanzi and so on carried out "3414" fertilizer efficiency incomplete test about the,"3410" fertilizer use efficiency in part of the test, residential effect is verify that the test and large-District, demonstration contrast test, a preliminary study of the Hefeng Countythe konjac fertilization shows the following results:(1)"3414"4trials, the konjac crop yield and the amount of fertilizer nutrients fitting a quadratic effect relationship, basically showed a normal parabolic relationship, and fitting a quadratic effectequation, the performance of konjac production and the relationship between the amount of fertilizer nutrient application there is a good correlation, the correlation coefficient (R2) between0.5273to0.9935. Also successful in fitting the ternary quadratic effect relationship and a good correlation, the correlation coefficient (R2) between0.9306to0.9633; ternary quadratic, and-the quadratic effect relationship equation basically able to forecast the maximum and optimum fertilization and yield results, but a secondary effect relationship equation predicted results relatively successful or reasonable interested in developing or revised production area as early as amorphophallus konjac crop fertilization index system as a reference value.(2)"3414" test changed conventional five-processing test and the results analysis showed that the three elements of ternary fertilizer nutrients nitrogen, phosphorus, potash fertilizer nutrients season apparent utilization were significantly higher than the fertilizer nutrients season apparent utilization between any two elements of fertilizer. The estimates of fertilizer nutrients season apparent utilization differs from different experimental plots. The test crop N, P and K nutrients ternary complex administration of relatively no fertilizer nutrients season apparent synergistic utilization average of24.9%,42.6%and64.2%, respectively, relative to one nutrient is not applied to the nutrient season apparent the average utilization rate of19.7%,24.7%and33.6%, respectively; experiments and demonstrations of each effect estimates the test crop nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers nutrient the ternary complex application (fertilization) nutrient seasonal average apparent synergistic utilization was20.7%,34.1%and59.5%, respectively, compared with habitual fertilization increased by6.0,21.6and21.4percentage points.(3) available nitrogen in soil (nitrogen) The seasonal apparent utilization (correction factor) of the available nitrogen in soil and available potassium (AK) vary with changes in yield and soil nutrient content, more soil nutrient content means less utilization. The seasonal apparent utilization of’’3414" test plots which are not applied to the case of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium soil available nitrogen (nitrogen) of the nutrients in the soil available nitrogen and soil available potassium (potassium) season apparent utilization averaged11.3%,6.2%and34.4%; The soil nutrient season co-apparent average utilization rate averaged14.7%,10.0%and58.0%in the case of lacking of one of the three elements. Respectively, the effect test demonstration plots nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium soil nutrients quarter apparent average utilization rate of10.3%,6.0%and33.8%.(4) Three-factor of the nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in the average of each factor per kg of nutrient Increasing the amount of fresh konjac increased yield (agronomic efficiency) were21.6kg,45.4kg and20.2kg; Among the case without N (PK fertilizer), synergistic efficiency of NPK fertilizer phosphorus (NK fertilizer), potassium (NP fertilizer) and NPK fertilizer synergistic efficiency, average the highest average Adding konjac increased yield per kilogram of nutrient (synergistic efficiency) were5.4,6.7,9.6and13.3kg.(5) the test area konjac crop five soil testing and fertilization plot effect test and the effect of large area demonstration comparing the results show that the Fertilization compared to conventional fertilization showed significantly increase production, improve the utilization of fertilizer nutrients and other effects, increase production efficiencyPoints ratio of100%. Of which:increasing production is1930.53289.5kg/hm2, the average increasing yield is2557.5kg/ha, the increasing rate is13.9to30.6%, the average is23.5%. New output value is4825.5to8224.5yuan/hm2, the average new output value of6394.5yuan/ha, average fertilizer added to increase investment153yuan/ha, the output ratio of42.0:1, the average new net income of6241.5yuan/ha average.(6) Consolidation of the effect of fertilization and demonstration results of "3414","3410", taking regional konjac field soil available nutrient content, crop yield and current fertilization level into consideration, amended preliminary area the konjac fertilization index system:alkaline hydrolysis N≤60mg/kg, effective P≤50mg/kg, rapid-acting K≤60mg/kg as a serious lack of fertilizer recommendation for the pure N285kg/hm2P2O5108kg/hm2, K2O165kg/hm2; alkali the solution of N60-120mg/kg, effective P50-100mg/kg, rapid-acting K60-120mg/kg for lack fertilizer recommendation for pure N the255kg/hm2, the P2O585.5kg/hm2, K2O135kg/hm2; alkali solution of N>120mg/kg effective P>100mg/kg, rapid-acting K>120mg/kg as a potential lack or no shortage. The recommended fertilizer index were pure N225kg/hm2, the P2O563kg/hm2, K2O105kg/hm2.