Study On The Agronomic Effects Of Compound Fertilizers With Different Processes And The Formulation Optimization

Compound fertilizers have many different kinds of processes. This study investigated the agronomic effects and its mechanism of the different compound fertilizers on the rice (Oryza sativa L.) and cabbage (Brassica chinens L.) from the aspects of yield, quality and soil fertility, through the combined methods of field trials, potted trials, and lab analysis. In addition, in order to optimize the compound fertilizers’formulation, the research selected one kind of fertilizers (AZF) to study the effects of the optimized formulation on the grain yield and soil fertility, by reducing the contents of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, and adding sulfur, zinc, calcium to the compound fertilizer, respectively. The main results were as follows:1. Compared to the treatment without fertilization, the rice field trials showed that the different compound fertilizers all increased the grain yield with defferent degrees (from17.1%to31.2%), through improving the effective panicle, grains per spike, actual grain number and1,000-kernel weight. Among the different fertilizer treatments, the treatment of AZF process fertilizer (15-15-15S) and the treatment of Granulation process fertilizer (15-15-15S) had the large grain yield and soil fertility, indicating that both the fertilizers are adapted to cultivate rice in these areas.2. Compared with the treatment without fertilization, the grain yield in potted trials was increased by more than24%,21.2%,26.9%in AZF process fertilizer, Granulation process fertilizer and resin-coated process fertilizer, respectively. We speculated that the main reason may be attributed to the significantly improved effective panicle and actual grain number.3. AZF process fertilizer and Granulation process fertilizer (15-15-15S) could promote the growth of cabbage, but the lower content of water-soluble proteins, free amino acids and higher content of nitrate made cabbage’s quality poorly. The treatment of resin-coated process fertilizer (18-9-18S) and the treatment of elemental fertilizer promoted the quality of cabbage, root activity and chlorophy Ⅱ, but their yield were lower. Therefore, given the cabbage’s yield, quality and soil fertility, the Minar process fertilizer (15-15-15S) was beneficial to the high yield and quality of the cabbage.4. The trial on the formulation optimization of AZF process fertilizer (20-12-14S) showed that reducing nitrogen, phosphorus and increasing potassium properly on the basis of using the fertilizer375kg/hm2, the grain yield was increased. The traditional formulation (20-12-14S) of AZF process fertilizer could be optimized to16-10-17S. While the addition of sulfur, zinc, calcium could make potassium mineralize, improved the absorption of nitrogen and potassium, and increased the grain yield. However, the amount of application of the trace elements should be well controlled in the practical production.