| This study was conducted to study the effects of different oil and their blend on growth performance and bone metabolism in broilers. The objective of this study was to supply a laboratory basis for the exploitation of oil in improving broilers’growth performance and prventing poultry bone disease. The study includes three parts as follows:Trial1:The aim of this experiment was to study the effects of dietary supplementation with different oil on tibia growth and biomechanical strength. Seven hundred and twenty1-d-old commercial male Arbor Acres broilers chicks were randomly divided into6treatments with6replicates (20birds per replicate). The average initial body weight (BW) did not differ. Birds in control group (C) were fed with corn-soybean basal diet without fat supplementation. Lard (L), siritch (S), palm oil (PO), siritch+palm oil (60:40w/w)(SPI) and siritch+palm oil (40:60w/w)(SPII) were mixed into the basal diet of hatch chicks, respectively. Oil treatments comprised these five diets, all diets had equal energy. The experiment lasted for42days. The results showed that group L, PO, SPI, SPII and SPII had higher (P<0.05) ADFI, ADG and had lower (P<0.05) F/G compared with group C at at starter period. At finisher period and whole period, there was a significant increase (P<0.05) of ADG and ADFI in group L, S, PO, SPI and SPII compared with group C. Group SPI and SPII had higher values for the weight, length and diameter of tibia compared with group C and L. Compared with group S and PO, the weight of tibia serum in group SPI, SPII were increased respectively by13.82%,16.89%;7.89%,10.81%, and the length of tibia were increased by11.91%,5.84%;10.13%,4.16%. In addition to, low ratio of n-6/n-3PUFA treatments (S, SPI, SPII) increased tibia peak Load and BMD compared with high ratio of n-6/n-3PUFA treatments (C, L). Group S, PO, SPI and SPII significantly (P<0.05) increased tibia peak Load compared with group C. Tibia BMD were increased by (P<0.05)23.08%,38.46%,26.92%, respectively, compared with group C.Trial2:This experiment was conducted to study the effect of dietary supplementation with different oil on bone metabolism in in broilers. Treatments were the same as the first experment. The results showed that FA in diets influenced FA composition of tibia. Group S, SPI and SPII had higher n-3PUFA levels and lower ratio of n-6/n-3PUFA compared with group C, L and PO (P<0.05). Apparent metabolic rate of Ca was significantly (P<0.05) higher in S, PO, SPI and SPII group compared with group C. There was a significant decrease (P<0.05) of serum Ca and decrease of tibia Ca content in group S, SPI and SPII compared with group C, L and PO. Group SPI and SPII had lower TRACP activity compared with group C, L, PO; Group S, PO, SPI and SPII significantly (P<0.05) elevated serum PTH levels compared with group C and L. Serum BGP concentrations in group S, PO, SPI, SPII was higher compared with group C, moreover, significant differences (P<0.05) were detected in levels of serum BGP between group SPI, SPII and group L, PO. Despite no significant differences between groups in PGE2levels, the serum PGE2levels in group SPI and SPII were decreased by15.68%,17.49%;8.17%,10.14%;15.32%,17.13%, respectively, compared with group C, L. In the present study, we could speculate that4.20ng/ml PGE2in serum may be optimal concentrations which had beneficial effect on bone metabolism in growing chicks according to serum BGP, ALP and TRACP levels. Low ration of n-6/n-3PUFA treatments (S, SPI, SPII) could improve bone metabolism. Group SPI (n-6/n-3=3.49) had more favorable effect compared with other groups.Trial3:This study was conducted to study the effects of dietary supplementation with different oil on serum bone metabolic markers in chicks injected with LPS.72AA broilers were randomly divided into12treatments with6replicates (1bird per replicate), using2×6factorial design. Ingredients, nutrient composition of broiler diets and oil treatments were same to trial1. All birds were injected with lipopolysaccharide (250μg/kg body weight) in subcutaneous tissue on d17,19and d21. The experiment lasted for21d. The results showed that LPS had no significant differences in terms of serum Ca and P levels, there were significant differences among oil treatments in terms of serum Ca (P<0.01) and P (P<0.05) concentration. In the presence of LPS, Ca and P concentrations in serum was significantly (P<0.05) higher in group SPI compared with group C. Morevoer, the serum Ca and P concentrations in group SPI were decreased by18.02%and28.10%compared with group C. There were no significant differences among oil treatments in terms of serum ALP and TRACP activity, but LPS significantly (P<0.05) decreased serum TRACP activity. In the presence of physiological saline, group SPI, SPII had lower TRACP activity compared with group C. In the presence of LPS, group S, SPI and SPII had higher ALP activity compared with group C. LPS significantly (P<0.05) influenced serum BGP levels; A significant difference (P<0.05) was observed for serum BGP and PGE2levels among different oil groups. However, there was no Interaction between LPS and oil treatments. In the presence of physiological saline, the serum PGE2levels in group SPI and PO were decreased by31.06%and48.09%(P<0.05) respectively, compared with group C. Additionally, serum PGE2levels was significantly (P<0.05) lower in in group SPI compared with group L, S, SPII. In the presence of LPS, there were no significant differences among any groups in terms of serum PGE2levels, but significant differences (P<0.01) were detected in the levels of serum BGP between different oil treatments. Group SPI had higher BGP concentrations compared with group C, L, S and PO. In addition to, LPS and oil treatments significantly (P<0.01) influenced serum PTH levels. A significant difference (P<0.05) was observed for Interaction between LPS and oil treatments. |
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