Numerical Simulation Of Vehicle Crash By Finite Element Method

Car crash simulation plays a guiding role in improving vehicle passive safety. What makes real car crash test have considerable limitations are its long cycle, large consuming and non-repeatability. Numerical modeling and simulation can not only save a lot of resources, but also have the ability to set different parameters to repeat the operation to eliminate the random factors of real car crash test. Computer simulation of automobile collision can more accurately predict the response of crew and extent of damage in the collision course, while also predicting crashworthiness of structure, evaluating the merits of the car’s structure and make appropriate improvements, so as to quickly and efficiently evaluate multiple design options, allowing technicians to predict vehicle’s passive safety performance in the early stages of development, accelerating the speed of development of new models.This paper undertakes a study of numerical modeling and simulation of vehicle crash, the research content and related achievements include:(1) This paper introduces the development of domestic and foreign automobile crash safety regulations, automobile collision safety research status and development trends. Meanwhile, it also describes nonlinear dynamic explicit finite element theory and related calculation methods which are used in the automotive collision simulation.(2) A particular car model was built according to the impact regulations and under the guidance of crash simulation theory. Expounding the process of establishing the vehicle finite element model by using HyperMesh and LS-DYNA, including reasonable simplification of model, element selection, meshing, parts connection, material properties, definition of contact and setting the initial conditions and boundary conditions.(3) Then using the nonlinear finite element method to simulate the process of vehicle frontal impact rigid wall at speed of50km/h with limited computer resources. It is found that the result of the simulation is similar to the experiment through the results analysis, such as the contrasts of energy curve, total wall force curve, speed curve and acceleration curve of B pillar, so it can be concluded the model is feasible.(4) After simulating offset deformable barrier crash and side impact with a moving car in accordance with requirements. Evaluating the performance of the car passive safety after analyzing the simulation results, providing a basis for further improvement of body structure and improve the efficiency of handling traffic accidents.