The Research Of Historical Relevance Between Space Structure Of Qufu In Ziiou, Han, Ming And Qing Dynasty And Composition Of "Three Confncius Monuments"

Qufu city is located in the southwest of Shandong Province, and the city has a historyof more than three thousand years. Although the scale of Qufu is not large, but in theinheritance and development of Chinese civilization of five thousand years, a decisive rolewas played from beginning to end. As the birthplace of the great ideologist, educator andfounder of the Confucian school in China-Confucius, Qufu city plays an important role inthe process of development of Confucian culture. Confucian culture originated from Qufucity, and gradually spread to the whole of Asia and the world, has an important role of SouthKorea, Japan, Singapore and other countries or regions of the cultural development. At thesame time, though in ancient city construction embodied in the more than three thousandyears of history in the city of Qufu City, for contemporary scholars study the ancient cityconstruction path, also provides the development of clear. Therefore, Qufu city was listed asNational Important Heritage Site Under State Protection in1961, and was identified as thefirst batch Of Chinese Historical And Cultural City in1982.Kingdom Lu was one of the important states in the Western Zhou Dynasty and theSpring and Autumn Period time. From the early Western Zhou Dynasty Zhou son Bo Qinseal on the late Warring States period, to the death(249BC), the existence of Kingdom Lu’shistory has more than eight hundred years, and this period of Qufu city existents as thepolitical, cultural center and, is Chinese Eastern historical city, also is the cultural city.Kingdom Chu eliminated Kingdom Lu, Qufu city was changed to Lu country, continued thissystem to the Qin Dynasty and Han Dynasty. Until modern times, Qufu Lu old city wallruins still legible, is one of the more complete preservation of the ancient cities.On the base of the Qufu city now, there are three times more clear city pattern with aclear history. Confucian Temple and Confucius Mansion as the birthplace of Confucianculture, form the West Zhou Dynasty and East Zhou Dynasty period is always accompaniedby the development of the city of Qufu, from the Confucius died three ancestral houses tothe nine courtyard spaces now, which has always been respected and get attention. In1994,the Confucian Temple, the Confucius Mansion and the Confucius Forests (hereinafterreferred to as "three Confucians") three cultural heritages as a whole in the United NationsEducational and Scientific and Cultural Organization issued the list of the World CulturalHeritage.In this paper, the West and East Zhou Dynasties, the Han Dynasty, the Ming and QingDynasties, three periods of the Qufu old city and the "three Confucians" buildings asresearch object, by the research methods of literature study and field investigation, theevolvement of city spatial structure as the insertion point, analysis on the historicalrelationship between Qufu city spatial structure evolution and development of the "threeConfucians".Firstly, the research of Qufu three thousand years of city history, respectively for theWestern and Eastern Zhou Dynasties, the Han Dynasty, the Ming and Qing Dynasties, the city space structure is summarized, based on the spatial structure of Qufu old city indifferent periods of recovery, to reflect the city construction in the process of historicalcontinuity are discussed, find the city in the process of development and evolution laws, toexplain the profound influence of political cultural in the city development.After the combination of Confucius status, analysis of Qufu "three Confucians" in theprocess of the formation and development, research on the relationship between nationalrespect for Confucius in different periods and Qufu "three Confucians" buildingsdevelopment, elaborated the influence of Qufu "three Confucians" buildings behind thedevelopment of Confucius cultural, the development of the Confucian culture is "the internalfactors of "three Confucians" building development.Finally, the paper combined with the change of spatial structure of city of ancient Qufuand the "three Confucians" buildings, analysis of decreasing correlation with "threeConfucians" historical buildings continues to expand the scale between city scale, throughthe analysis of the important nodes of several times, summarizes the key factors betweenQufu city and the development of "three Confucians" architectural evolution the ruling classof the evolution of national governance leading thought. That is, the system consists of theWestern and Eastern Zhou Dynasties to the late feudal Confucianism become the importantguiding ideology of the feudal ruling class, also puts forward the ritual thought played in theprocess of development of city space structure in the inner impetus, the old city of Qufucompleted the transition from the Pre Qin period important vassal state capital to the latefeudal society of Confucian culture the Holy city.