Locomotive Body Weighing Test-Bed And Research On Spring-Adjustment Algorithm

To meet the development of high-speed rail transport and heavy haul railway, controlling of the locomotive wheel (axle) weight bias is becoming increasingly stringent. For this reason, the axle weight bias and the wheel weight bias of railway locomotive are limited in±2%and±4%in the GB/T3317-2006, respectively.Firstly, it begins with the research of the source of the axle weight bias and the wheel weight bias of railway locomotive; then, makes the locomotive body as the object of study; and analyzes the impact to the wheel (axle) weight bias caused by the uneven load distribution of secondary suspension. Built a mechanics model of the four-point weighing and spring adjustment, and find the function between the thickness of washers and variation of the load in four points through the static equilibrium relations and coordination between deformations. Take the body torsional deformation and bending deformation into consideration, use the idea of correction washers to reduce the amount of assumptions and simplification between the theoretical mathematical optimization model and the actual situation. Based on the nonlinear optimization theory, make the comparison of the advantages and disadvantages in searching the optimal thickness of washers using Genetic Algorithm, Simulated Annealing Algorithm and Multi-Objective Genetic Algorithm, respectively, and has developed the secondary spring adjusting algorithm based on multi-objective genetic algorithm finally.Aiming at the actual demand of locomotive production, it mainly shows the development of the locomotive body weighing test-bed project in this paper, and also the overall design at the functional and structural level. Use the mechanical screw drive system, PLC driven servo motor control system and the host computer system based on Delphi environment. Introduces the OPC communication standard based on C/S mode between the lower machine and the host computer, the database management system of the host computer system, the data input/output system, the equipment fault detection and calibration system, the design on the function of weighing and spring adjusting tests and the joint programming of PC operating software and the secondary spring adjusting algorithm.Through the on-site tests of weighing and spring adjusting, it has been proved that the test-bed can optimize the load distribution of secondary suspensions well, and also been fully validated the feasibility and reliability of above ideas and analytical methods in spring adjustment. In order to improve the efficiency of the actual production, two suggestions have been proposed:alternative the springs with flexible adapter; add the process of the initial washers.