The Study Of The Traffic Separation For VLCC Entering And Leaving The Shihua’ Crude Oil Terminal Of Rizhao Port

As one of the major ports along the coast of the People’s Republic of China, Rizhao Port, after20years’ construction, has developed from an initial single energy output port into a comprehensive one, and is becoming a professional, multi-functional and modern port. With the rapid development of the national economy of the hinterland, the throughput of Rizhao Port will surely continue to grow rapidly.Rizhao Port can be divided into two harbour districts, that is, Shijiu harbour district and Lanshan harbour district. According to Rizhao Port Master Plan, the district of Lanshan harbour district, has been planned to build three large open-crude oil berths. The300,000-ton crude oil terminal owned by Shihua Company in Lanshan harbour district is the first major crude oil terminal. After the construction, the effectivity of the utilization of the terminal is not very high and the turnaround of ships is also affected, because of the long awaiting for tide of the incoming vessels constrained by the channel’s depth. In addition, due to the current one-way outbound route navigation, as well as the limit and exclusiveness of berths and night work prohibited by other provisions, the waterway vessels carrying capacity is constrained. Currently, the second and third Shihua’ Crude Oil Terminal Piers are under planning and construction. After the completion of the piers, the problem of low through capacity of waterways and docks will become increasingly serious. Thus, the solution for low through capacity resulted from the one-way navigable waterway and the study of the traffic separation for loaded and unloaded ships entering and leaving the navigable waterways is very necessary, which will be helpful for the improvement of the waterway through ability, the safety of marine navigation and the port economic benefits.This paper mainly does some research work in the following areas:1. analyze the situation of the Shihua’ Crude Oil Terminal Piers of the Lanshan harbour district of Rizhao Port;2. analyze the data such as the vessel traffic, the distribution and the sailing time, construct a mathematical model of navigation rules, complete the affection of the traffic separation schemes, one-way navigation and hybrid navigation on the operational efficiency, and identify the key factors affecting the traffic separation schemes;3. propose the possible traffic separation schemes in accordance with the traffice conditions of the Waterway and both sides of navigable waters, and compare and analyze them;4. Build the actual navigable waterway capacity model, prove the through ability of the separation traffic schemes, to further illustrate the feasibility of traffic separation schemes;5. Study the possible problems encountered in the navigation, according to the risk for the traffic separation, and propose the safety measures and reasonable advices of ships’ navigation.This paper studies the traffic separation of the loaded and unloaded VLCC (Very Large Crude Carrier) of the Shihua’ Crude Oil Terminal Piers of the Lanshan harbour district of Rizhao Port, and evaluates the safety of traffic separation scheme, which provides a theoretical basis for the traffic separation of VLCC, and has some reference and reference in improving the waterway through ability and protecting the navigation security.