Optimization Design Of Highway Guardrails Based On Collision Safety Of Vehicle Body

In recent years, with the rapid development of highway in China, traffic accidents that happened on the highway are increasing year by year and cause huge economic losses and casualties every year. Highway traffic safety has become a hot issue of the attention of the community. Guardrail is the traffic safety facility on the highway and that is closely linked with the road traffic safety whether it’s design is reasonable or not. On the one hand, it can absorb part of the crash energy to reduce the peak acceleration of the car; on the other hand, it can force the car which is out of control go back to the correct traveling direction.In this paper, from the collision safety point of view, the concrete guardrail and W-beam guardrail which are most widely used on the highway are optimized using numerical simulation method. Firstly, the traffic accidents situation of recent years, guardrail researches and design methods are briefly summarized. Then, the two guardrail types are optimized. Finally, on the basis of summarizing the optimization process of the guardrail, some problems and solutions are proposed, and further research content and prospect are also given.In the optimization process of the guardrail, the optimization problems are firstly defined based on the collision safety consideration, and the sampling points are selected using the design of experiment. Then the crash processes of sampling points are simulated by the finite element software LS-DYNA, and the response surface models of the objective functions are constructed through based on surrogate model techniques. After that, genetic algorithm is used to obtain the optimization results, and the performances of optimal guardrails are evaluated.In this paper, based on explicit finite element simulation and surrogate model techniques, the structures of guardrails are optimized to make the guardrail more secure used design of experiments and genetic algorithm. This optimal way makes up the deficiencies of designing guardrail by relying on a large number of real vehicle collision experiments and design experience, and has a certain reference value.