Rock Village Kiln House Residential Building Characteristics And Development Model Of Protection

Located in about five kilometers southeast of Licheng County, Yannan village, under the general influence of natural and artificial factors, has formed unique kiln-style dwelling houses, with peculiar features in site selection, monomer, composition, layout, material, color, etc. In location, villages and Kiln Houses basically follow the principle of being behind mountains, ventilated, sunny and waterfront. The monomer are distinctive not only in the vernacular names of monomer components, the peach-shape pointed arch with stronger compressive resistance, the multi-function kiln crown and deeper kiln length, but in the courtyard structure of "shape encircling shape", the wide and broad courtyard space and the Taigong Temple in the main ridge etc. In composition, the monomer has the forms of parallel kilns, tail kilns and storied building, all of which are multi-purpose; the Kiln House has the forms of T-shape courtyard, one body with two sleeves shape courtyard and quadrangle courtyards, in which the lateral court extends only in the horizontal direction. In layout, the overall village is like a large scattered small settlement. The monomer cave is long and narrow, in which the profile is top and thick, and the interior layout is somewhat messy and disorderly. The quadrangle courtyards can create both good air condition and spacious interior courtyard. The overall layout is systematic and well arranged in the structured, light and space. As to the building materials, new materials are mixed with old materials, and some of them actually do not meet the aesthetic standard. In the respect of color, Kiln House present distinctive features in different seasons.Kiln House is the suitable local building style. It suites to local conditions and natural environment, thus effectively keeps a balance between local energy and environment. However, it cannot be neglected that the house faces the problem of dark and damp, poor ventilation and poor lighting etc. And the biggest challenge for kiln building may be that it is not accepted by the younger any more, and less and less person would like to continue living in kiln houses. On these grounds, the thesis put forward five kiln building protection strategies and an immature development model. The five kiln building protection strategies are as follows:1) to excavate kiln houses’ propaganda value and change the traditional thoughts;2) to improve kiln building techniques;3) to improve the village infrastructure and its service facilities;4) to change the strategy of turning kiln building into houses;5) to develop its tourism value. The development model is to build new kilns village or reform in the original site. The new kilns village must be in harmony with nature, use but not destroy the natural, improve the use efficiency of energy and resource, continue the local culture and folklore, and provide residents with convenient infrastructure and recreational facilities. The original village can be improved by promoting new style kiln storied buildings, in which the aesthetics of the building must be stressed, the parallel shape replaced by tandem type, the space widened, lighting increased, and biogas digesters added. What’s more, the thesis also presents several detailed transformation advices by taking the example of one south-oriented kiln building in Dong Shen Nao, which was built at the end of Qing dynasty.The author hopes, can be some help for the further protection and development of kiln building.