Study On The Evolution Of Cultural Landscape Of Traditional Military Towns In Southwest Moutainous Area

Accompanied by the Western World Values-led economic and culturalglobalization, as the the material carriers city is unprecedented pace. Regional andinternational conflict, the collision of tradition and modernity, protection and renewal ofthe conflict, brought about by the most direct expression of the internationalarchitectural culture and urban space convergence. In this environment, history andculture of empowerment era ", the city as a history of interaction between man andnature, cultural crystallization, not only to be protected, should be more environmentaland spiritual and cultural heritage down.16th session of the General Assembly of theWorld Heritage Committee in1992formally proposed the concept of "culturallandscape heritage, cultural heritage is concerned the main view by a simple materialheritage or the spirit of cultural traditions transferred to the" human activity "as a cluesubstances up with the culture.A new birth of the concept of cultural landscape heritage at the right time, undersuch background, the research project of typical cultural landscape in southwestmountainous towns has been of certain value to national perspective and importantacademic circles. This paper is subordinate to the research programs of "Evolution andmotive mechanism of cultural landscape in southwest mountainous towns", whichfunded by Chinese Nature Science Foundation. Throughout ancient Chinese history, asthe most direct driving force of city’s generation and development, the war for kingshipplayed an irreplaceable role in city evolutionary process, it involved in triggering theoriginal villages by spontaneous scattered and disorganized state to function together.Military defense is the basic function of town, with its help we can better analyze theevolution of the traditional town cultural landscape. After defining the article coreconcepts and study scope, and summarizing correlational researches at home and abroad,the article progresses to the main content which divide into four parts:The first part is for the town development under the influence of southwest militaryhistory. Southwest China is vast with many ethnic groups and complex urban system,thereby creating a heterogeneous and diverse town cultural landscape, to analyze thecomplex and tortuous process of evolution must have a clear understanding of theregional historical background. On the basis of a large number of documents, this chapter combines through the historical period war offensive and defensive line tobriefly summarize the law of town system which rose by military war. And then itexplores the geographical and cultural background of military town development insouthwest region since ancient times from the four aspects of geography, economicstructure, traffic patterns, social culture, and makes clear the cause of its rise and thesource of its development. Finally, according to the study need to filter out10importanthistorical and cultural towns, as typical cases of the analysis below.The second part focuses on the system formation of cultural landscape oftraditional military towns. In this chapter we clear the research object as the goal,reorganize the cultural landscape elements from the angle of systematics, including the"substance" and "culture" two systems, and parse the connotation of all system elements.Finally through the discussion of the relationship between system and element, wesummarize the research object as material carriers of three levels, including settlementpattern, characteristic sites and typical landmarks, then through the typical example ofmilitary towns, analyze the connotation of "culture" and "landscape ".The third part for the evolution research of the cultural landscape in traditionalmilitary towns, is the core section of this article. This chapter will attempt to comb thecorrelation of characters, events and places space cross the historical time, to build thehistorical picture of the process of cultural landscape evolution in southwestmountainous towns, and to further explore its logic motivations. According to themorphological characteristics of town development, the evolution process divides intofour stages of formation, development, maturity and decline. We vertically on the basisof urban development background in different stages, laterally from the backgroundanalysis of ideological origins, macro-interpretation of settlement pattern vicissitudes,description of characteristic sites change and micro records of typical landmarks to givea detailed analysis of the characteristics and influencing factors of evolution of thecultural landscape in military town.The fourth part puts forward an analysis of revelation of research. On the basis ofcognizing historical process and evolution characteristics, this chapter try to analyze theessential reason of development rule and dynamic mechanism, and propose an evolutionmechanisms with culture as the dominant driving force, to answer the question ofrelationship between town landscape and cultural development--only by grasping the objective laws of cultural evolution can be targeted to guide the sustainabledevelopment of town cultural landscape. Then facing the problems of contemporarycultural landscape protection and development, analyzing the differences in traditionalprotection methods and that of cultural landscape with several case of famous cityconservation planning, the last proposing the adaptive protection strategy for militarytowns.