Optimal Design For Wind Environment Of Residential Areas In Severe Cold Regions

With the development of urbanization and the acceleration of science andtechnology, all kinds of residential areas which have various shapes, complex layoutand large scale have built a lot. Thus people gradually pay attention to the outdoor windenvironment of residential areas. Outdoor wind environment of residential area also hasgreat influence on outdoor thermal environment, indoor natural ventilation and buildingenergy consumption. How to create a good wind environment in residential areas andprovide resident with a safe, healthy and comfortable outdoor space become the focus ofresearch. However, the outdoor wind environment of residential areas relate to manyfactors, such as terrain, building layout, building shape, building interval and windangle etc. This paper, taking Harbin for example, mainly studies the outdoor windenvironment of residential areas under the influence of wind angle and building layout.First of all, this paper, according to the basic theory of wind environment, analysesthe wind flow characteristics around building and the impact of single building andbuilding interval on wind environment. Aiming at the characteristics of multilayerresidential areas, it also analyses the wind environment characteristics and influencingfactors of residential areas. On the basis of previous research achievements，the paperclears the assessment criteria of outdoor wind environment of residential areas at thepedestrian level, laying the foundation for the further study of the paper. Secondly, inaccordance with the climate characteristics of Harbin, the paper selects three prevailingwind directions-south, southwest and west, respectively analyses and compares thewind environment of adjacent building with different enclosing form and building groupwith different layout mode, concluding the interrelations between variable factors andwind environment, and also induces the wind environment quality under every layoutmode according to the assessment index-wind speed ratio. Finally, the paper selectssouthwest as the simulative wind direction, takes the row layout as the basic layoutmode and puts forward optimized layout mode through analyzing the wind environmentcharacteristics. The corresponding design strategies are proposed from building layout,opening of building group, wind barrier and other windproof measures, playing an important rolein optimizing outdoor wind environment of residential areas, improving the comfort ofoutdoor space, reducing building energy consumption and enhancing the use ratio ofnatural sources in passive building design etc.The paper synthetically applies simulative, analytical and contrastive methods,considers environmental problems from the view of numerical simulation, making theenvironmental problems digitization and visualization, and then carries on the contrastand analysis, concluding the relevant graphical representation and data. On that basis,the design methods of wind environment of residential areas are put forward, aiming atproviding the qualitative or quantitative basis for wind environment design ofresidential areas in severe cold region.