The Resaerch On The Landscape Planning And Design Of Arboretum

With the environmental crisis accelerated slowly, plant resources which humans depend on are reducing and disappearing constantly. It has been a worldwide proposition and task that protects biodiversity and realizes the sustainable development. In modern society, the social and economic development promoted the rapid development of arboretum in planning and construction. As an index of city features and green civilization, our country also has put the state about arboretum construction on the agenda gradually. Arboretum, which has a variety of purposes and functions, is the human wisdom of knowing nature and transforming nature.Firstly, this paper starts from the definition and concept of arboretum, clears its classification and function, contrasts with the historical origin and present development both in China and abroad, and forecasts the future development trend. Arboretum still doesn’t have a clear concept. Arboretum is a garden of collecting and cultivating different kinds of trees and shrubs (including a few herbaceous plants), which aims at scientific research and popular science education. Its functions are protecting endangered species, domesticating, cultivation demonstration and public visit. According to the functions, scope of business and different membership systems, arboretum can be classified into academy of sciences system, city building system, education system, forestry system and other systems. The function of arboretum has ecological and social aspects, including improvement and protection environment, scientific research, popular science education, domesticated, species protection and leisure tourism, and so on.Secondly, based on the theory of landscape ecology and plant geography, studied on excellent examples, the paper tried to describe the space planning and type, taking the natural, social and biological factors in consideration. The natural factors affecting plant landscape include climate, hydrology, soil, topography and so on. The social factors include economic and technology development, attention and cultural customs, historic sites, aesthetic psychology and so on. The biological factor includes relationship of plants, animal and microbiology. The methods of arboretum plant landscape space planning types has several, such as plants evolving systems, genera classification, geographical habitat types, flora, ornamental characteristics, usages and so on.Finally, taking the planning and construction of Xingping arboretum as an example, this paper expounds the concept of arboretum plant sceneries and techniques. Plant landscape design should be under the guidance of ecological concept, reasonably arranging of space and time sequence, taking into account of the plant form, color and simple sense, comprehensively considering the plant and terrain, roads, water, building and sign as a unity of integrity, in order to build a beautiful and functional green environment.