Research On The Influencing Mechanism Of Individual’s Goal Orientation On Safety Behavior Choice During Near-misses Situations

Near misses, defined as safety incidents that did not have any actual injury, however, if there are something change slightly, it will result in the accident. There are many kinds of near misses in organization, however, frequently occuring safety accidents that translated from near misses signaling that we have to think about such a question that why those near misses that characteristics of great quantity and low cost can not become useful clues to promote safety learning?What is the specific learning process during the near misses situations?Relevant literatures indicate that most of related study was conducted base on qualitative analysis at the organizational and industry level. The individual is the basic unit of learning. However, individul’s learning process during near-misses is far from clear, as a result, we can hardly understand individual’s cognitive and behavioral process during this situation. According to the elaboration likelihood model, there are two different route named central route and peripheral route that represent different information processing level that may provides a good framework for explaining learning process during near misses situations, and this is also our theoretical foundation of this research. If taking central route to process information, you may more likely to capture error messages during near misses situations. On the contrary, if taking peripheral route, you may influenced by good result of the near misses situations that can hardly learn from it. Further more, since individual’s goal orientation has been understood as a important motivational factor to predict cognition, information judgment and adaptive behavior, different goal orientation may affect learning and information processing significantly during near misses situations. Besides, individul’s learning is also a process that interact with environment, especially something like safety climate that are closely associated with individual’s perceived safety value that may influence learning process. According to above theoretical analysis, this study introduces individual’s goal orientation as antecedent variables to explain how learning goal orientation and performance goal orientation affect learning process and safety behavior choice during near misses situations. Information processing is a important model to enhance individual’s learning. In this study, we base on elaboration likelihood model theory to explain individual’s learning process during near misses situations, and introduces upward counterfactual thinking style and downward counterfactual thinking style as mediators, to make this process specificly. Group-level safety climate is closely relate to safety learning. During the process of individual’s goal orientation influence learning and safety behavior choice in the near misses situations, group-level safety climate may facilitate or hinder it. So, in this study, we introduces group-level safety climate as a moderator, to analysis the effect of it.Focusing on the above issues, the auther designed a questionnaire and spread them to2construction company in Jiangshan City in Zhejiang province and Anyang city in Henan province, and1auto accessories manufacturer in Taizhou city in Zhejiang province.141pieces of valid questionnaires were finally collected. Then the auther employed SPSS and LISREL software to analyze the data to test the research hypotheses. The main conclusions of this study are:(1) During the near misses situations, individual’s goal orientation can significantly influence safety behavior choice. Specificly, individual’s learning goal orientation can positively affect safety compliance and safety participation, individual’s performance goal orientation can negatively affect safety compliance and safety participation;(2) During the near misses situations, individual’s goal orientation can significantly influence counterfactual thinking style. Specificly, individual’s learning goal orientation can positively affect upward counterfactual thinking, individual’s performance goal orientation can positively affect downward counterfactual thinking;(3) During the near misses situations, the relationship between individual’goal orientation and safety behavior choice are mediated by counterfactual thinking style. Specificly, upward counterfactual thinking can mediate the relationship between individual’s learning goal orientation and safety compliance and safety participation, downward counterfactual thinking can mediate the relationship between individual’s performacne goal orientation and safety compliance and safety participation;(4) During the near misses situations, the group-level safety climate has a moderating effect on the relationship between learning goal orientation and upward counterfactual thinking, this relationship is become stronger under high group-level safety climate condition. Group-level safety climate act as a moderator to influence downward counterfactul thinking is not supported.Based on elaboration likelihood model theory, this research focus on individual’s learning process to explain how near-misses expericence can influence safety behavior choice. By analysising individual’s information processing route, our reseach further simplify individual’s learning process during near-misses situations, and try to cover gaps in the ignoreance of current research. There is no doubt that this research has an important referent value for both theoretical and practical implications. Finally, the disadvantages of this paper and trend of future research are also mentioned.