Research On The Problem Of Straw Disposal

Our country is an agricultural country, which products huge amount of crop straw. Straw has the characteristics of high yield, wide distribution and stable supply as a by-product of agriculture, it is Important agricultural resources and should be used reasonably. But in many cases straw is burned as a by-product when harvest time comes. The burning caused air pollution, fire, traffic accidents and a series of problems,so the government would forbid this kind of burning by set up professional institutions, propaganda, set up supervision system and ensure the implementation of funds every harvest time, and put in a lot of manpower and material resources and financial resources. Even so, straw burning continues to happen.Straw should be reasonably used as a kind of resource. However, most of the straw are removed through some kind of traditional way such as direct returning or processed into roughage currently. Science and technology workers carried out extensive research on comprehensive utilization of straw, which including straw fertilizer technology, straw feed technology, straw makings technology, straw materials technology, straw fuel technology and so on, but the ratio of the practical application is still very low.This article analyze the cause of straw burning through analysis of environmental problems caused by straw burning and straw utilization, and take the view of the reason of burning is inadequate use of straw, that is to say the straw are neither rich resources of farmers nor resources of industrial development, and scientific and technological achievements of straw are not practically used. There are three aspects in the straw utilization problem, the first on the one hand, we emphasize "no fire, no smoke", means preventing fire by containment, and the government policy and rules to promote comprehensive utilization of straw is relatively weak. In the second, In terms of traditional straw utilization technology, the traditional straw utilization technology have the characteristics such as the low utilization rate, low conversion rate and low economic efficiency, and the technology’s application problem itself and the government policies which do not pay enough attention to the problem of the transformation of new technologies result that the technology can not effectively turn into realistic productivity. The third aspect, there are problems of low products credibility, poor price advantage and poor market competitiveness.This article argues that In order to solve the problem of comprehensive utilization of straw, thus completely eliminate this kind of burning, we must put our’ hands to three positive factors including guidance from the government, digesting of market, and science and technology support to change the situation of "heavy light comb", and construct effective operating mechanism which match with the government guidance, market digesting and the science and technology supporting. Innovate new institutions under the guidance of the scientific outlook on development, and build reasonable market regulating mechanism and effective government policy through scientific and technological innovation.And the government guidance should adjust to local conditions, actual situation and industry, and especially it should take advantage of the opportunity of new urbanization construction, and layout related industries scientifically and reasonably, then carry out thses plans solidly. Take the comprehensive utilization of straw and its industrial development into the urban construction and industrial development in the global, make straw industry development orderly, and related to the corresponding system of rewards and punishments, and rewards enterprises and farmers who comprehend use the straw, and to promote the comprehensive utilization by economic means. And the government should establish the policies and regulations system of technological innovation, and the matching socialization service system, diversified financing system, and talent support system, and solve the problem of the comprehensive utilization which is weak in government guidance and the problem of low efficiency of new technology because of policy reasons.And for market digesting, it should take advantage of the market to allocating resources, and establish a comprehensive long-acting mechanism which guided by the market, be mainly involved by enterprise, and actively participated in by farmers. The market should take advantage of market information, interest stimulate, encourage competition, optimizing the economic structure and promote efficiency, and let the enterprise be main body role, make straw factorily used, make enterprises become the main force of straw utilization, and strive to build a related industry chain, thus improve the level of industrialization of straw, and strengthen the competitive power of the straw market and improve market recognition, solve problems such as the low utilization rate, low conversion rate and low economic benefits. As for science and technology supporting, we should solve the problem of comprehensive utilization through scientific and technological innovation, and encourage enterprises for independent innovation, and government for guidance, thus solve the problem of low efficiency of new technology caused by immature technology in the process of comprehensive utilization.