Research And Design On Complete Intelligent Electromechanical Equipment Of Baking Scattered Tobacco

The purpose of this paper is to research and design a small sized intelligentbaking equipment，which can bake tobacco and various other agricultural products. It alsocan be installed and disassembled conveniently. Unlike the existing rod-type tobacco bakingequipment，the equipment mentioned in this paper was used for baking the scattered，irregular accumulation of tobacco. This simpler method of picking tobacco leaves canreduce the labor intensity of tobacco baking process considerably. Meanwhile the integrityof the picked tobacco leaves is not necessary any more; the mechanization of tobaccoharvest would be profitable.China is a tobacco-producing country. According to the actual situation of the tobaccoproducing regions，different types of tobacco baking were chose. The most differencebetween various types of baking equipments was the storage pattern of tobacco. Currently,rod-type tobacco installing is applied in most regions. However, the technique is toocomplex and exhausting. Clip-type tobacco installing is also used in some place. It is easierand simpler than the former way. But for the reason that the clips is made of aluminiumalloy, which is too expensive, that type of installing tobacco is not employed in wide range.Recently, the pattern of baking scattered tobacco was popularized in many regions. The socalled scattered tobacco, means that the tobacco leaves were not weaved by rods or clippedby the clips, but stacked immediately into the baking house. Three patterns were acceptedactually, they are basked pattern, baffle chamber pattern and direct pattern. All of the threepatterns could obviously reduce the labor intensity, increase the tobacco density and lowerthe average energy consumption. However, they all required that the tobacco leaves shouldbe piled orderly with apex down and stalk up. Obviously, these patterns still cost too muchlabor in the process of installing tobacco relatively. The word scatterd-baking mentioned inthis paper is totally differently from the three patterns in former. It requires less andcomforts better because the tobacco leaves could be stacked freely, random and scattered.The only requirement was that the tobacco leaves should be stacked loosely.Along with the process of urbanization in our country, large population immigrant intotowns, this will increase the labor price. So the change of large scale planting and harvestingmechanization of tobacco will become an inevitable trend. This trend brings big change in the pattern of tobacco installing definitely. Meanwhile, the traditional pattern will bereplaced scattered baking pattern. Thus, a kind of scattered baking equipment was needed tosolve this problem.In order to facilitate the farmers, the device is designed to be removable. In this way,farmers could use it conveniently. The equipment can be easily built up and removedquickly to avoid damage or theft. The basement of the equipment is fixed on the ground, soother parts of the equipment could be established on the basement. Slots were mounted onthe four corners and edges of the base, the frame which was welded already could be putinto the slot easily, and then countersunk head bolt. Wall panels and roof are bolted on theframe. All walls and roof employed a polyurethane sandwich panel (PU board). The PUboard looks good, with excellent integrity.Because the method of tobacco installing changed from neatly to disorganized, thedensity of tobacco stack also changed. Therefore, there must be a corresponding increase inwind speed, air volume, and the power of the fan.This article used FloXpress software to analyze air fluid in tobacco chamber. The resultshows that wind in the Tobacco chamber usually flow aroud the wall, which is proved bythe real situation observed: the flue-cured tobacco close to the wall the tobacco shows lightcolour, while the tobacco in the central part can not lost water immediately. In order to solvethis problem, the conventional method was that setting a slope in front of the air inlet ofbaking equipment to promote the airflow. The role of the method is limited by the viewpointof simulation and the actual baking effect.In order to solve the problem of the uneven situation of wind toward tobacco stacks, anew type of device was designed (called "air divider" below). The device is installed in frontof the air inlet, formed by a number of pieces of angle plates. The angle plates were parallelto the ground, opening direction to the air inlet relative. The air flow through the angle plateis divided into two shares, one flowing through from below, another upward. In this way,the air flow through every angle plate will be divided into parts. And the streams will bedispersed into a number of small stocks, blowing tobacco on the heap evenly. Comparedwith some airflow baking equipment, this device costs less and works better.Intelligent baking equipment requires advanced control system. The device used anadvanced control system based on LabView and embedded chip. It fits better, and remotecontrol was available. At present, most of the baking equipment can only achieve the upperand lower control accuracy of1degree Celsius. However, with a new control system, theaccuracy can be improved to0.5degrees, which was greatly improved.