The Analysis Of Farmers Planting Behavior On Non-point Source Pollution In Shaanxi Province

For a long period of time, point source pollution in modern industry is the main sourceof all have certain results in the theoretical exploration and practical application. In the sametime, the effect of non-point source pollution is becoming more and more obvious andgradually conceded. But the non-point source pollution in governance is facing manytechnology and management problems and causes the theoretical discussion. Chemicalfertilizer, pesticide, agricultural film and other agricultural products play an irreplaceable roleon China’s food safety. But because of the fertilizer inherent advantages and the weak ofenvironment-friendly input, affected by the arrangement of the past agricultural system, ourcountry farmers have incentive of excessive use agrochemical products. Especially, in theinland areas China, Shaanxi Province, with distinctive characteristics of agricultural systemand the behavior of farmers who stand of our traditional peasant, ranked tops in pollutantsemission density. In the particular farmland system and agricultural production organizationin our country, the behavior of farmers in China are quite different compared with thedeveloped countries, so the explaintion, effectiveness and operability are also affected.Farmers in Shaanxi province have two features of traditional agriculture and high fertilizationin China, so it is a typically representative one. Compared with the remedy governance,investment control incentive is an ideal management mode.This paper utilized data from478questionnaires in Sanyuan County of Shaanxiprovince, combined with the background of the institutional environment of peasanthousehold production in Shaanxi Province, we describe farmers’ planting behaviors in theprocess of non-point source pollutant emissions in the sample area, as well as governancewillingness of present situation. Then, we analysis profoundly causes and plight from theexternal environment and households. And on this basis, we put forward somecountermeasures and suggestions:The main contents in this study involve the following:First, combined with the environmental Kuznets curve (EKC curve), using therelated data of statistical yearbook, analysis of the environmental Kuznets curve of ShaanxiProvince on agricultural products emissions (EKC), we validate the relationship of non-pointsource pollution emissions and the level of economic development in Shaanxi province. Theresults found that, the fertilizer emissions meet the "inverted U" Kuznets curve, pesticideemissions meet the "N" Kuznets curve, plastic film doesn’t pass the significance test, but we can infer the amount of usage and the level of economic development has positive correlationrelationship.Second, combined with the theory of economics and China’s rural, agriculture, farmersand other practical problems, we theoretically analyses the internal and external reasons ofChina’s rural non-point source pollutants excessive emissions. Then we conclude than itinclude (1) On the basic national conditions in china, which big population and little landyield, farmers seek quality less than quality.(2) The fuzzy property rights of land as well asurbanization process, make the shortcoming obvious about special system arrangement.(3)The open chemical fertilizer market, twisted resource allocation. And theenvironmentally friendly product and manner, such as traditional organic fertilizer, have aweak competitiveness.(4)The "moral hazard" and "adverse selection", organic agriculture islack of encourage power.(5) Production and management characteristics of traditionalfarmers, namely, risk aversion,"absolute income theory" and limited rationality,promote theemission of non-point source pollutants.Third, analyzing cognitive of farmers in Shaanxi Province on non-point sourcepollution, combining with the feature of biogas, straw returning and soil testing,analyzes thedifficulties and problems in the process of development, we expand the farmer is not the maincause of organic fertilizer. At the same time, combining working environment and technicallimitations of pesticide, agricultural film, we analyzes the dilemma on pesticides and plasticrecycling and the reasons of non-point source pollutant emissions.Fourth, according to the above theories and empirical results, we conclude thepollutants emission manner of farmers themselves, firm, dealer and government departmentsand consumers.Then put forward policy recommendations to reduce the emission ofpollutants in China.