Study On Preparation Tech And Properties Of Surface Flocking Materials For Marine Antifouling Application

Marine biofouling does great harm to marine shipping industry and aquaculture industry,so it is necessary to take measures to control the adhesion and growth of fouling organisms onthe surface of ship and fishing gears. By using electrostatic flocking technology, the flockingstructure simulating the skin of marine mammals was prepared to prevent the marine foulingorganisms from adhering.By screening and treating the flocking materials, suitable adhesives and fluff materialsfor the marine environment were determined, optimal thickness of brushing and curingmethods were observed, modification methods and their effects of fluff with low surfaceenergy were discussed. Through the study of parameters of preparation technology ofelectrostatic flocking on coating surface density, the influential laws of electrode voltage,electrode distance and the flocking time were summarized. The flocking technology wasfurther optimized, then optimal preparation technology of surface flocking used in marineantifouling was determined: the thickness of adhesive was0.2mm, electrode voltage was60KV, electrode distance was10cm and the flocking time was15s. The hydrophobicity ofnylon surface was improved to varying degrees after being modified by four kinds of silanes,among which11-Acetoxyundecyl trichlorosilane was the best.Antifouling activities of surface flocking against three typical marine fouling organismsincluding diatom, mussel and barnacle were specially studied. The results showed that surfaceflocking had significant control effect on large fouling organisms such as mussel and barnacle,whose amounts of adhesion were obviously declined. However, it had no effect on theelectrostatic adhesion of small fouling organisms such as diatom, on the contrary, the numberof adhered diatom in the surface of fluff was more than that of the surface without fluff, butthe adhered diatom in the surface of fluff was easier to deported under the scouring action ofwater stream, whose rate of deportation was higher than that of the surface without fluff. Thepractical application performance of surface flocking was evaluated according to the marineantifouling performance test method. The experimental results lasted6months indicated thatthe flocking surface had no large fouling organisms to adhere, but it still had the adhesion layer formed by minitype fouling organisms, which could be deported with little water by theway of scouring.Based on the study on the performance of surface flocking technology in marineantifouling application, the process conditions and the way of application of floating surfaceflocking were determined and the antifouling performance of surface flocking andpreliminarily was validated, indicating that this technology used in the marine pollutioncontrol was feasible and providing data support for the development of the new technology ofsurface flocking fouling. So the surface flocking technology, which is different from thetraditional poisoned antipollution measures, is a potential environmental-friendly marineantifouling method.