The Analysis About The Meteorological Elements In The Surrounding Area Of Tengger Desert During The Recent49a

Recently, the breadth and strength of the influence that the human beings activities and the climate change had on the ecological environment systems deepened constantly, the underlying surface change came to be the research hotspot of the globe change, then research on the desertification of land which was a major part of the underlying surface carried out broadly in world-wide, the climate change surely affected the desertification of land, the premise of clarifying how the climate change affected the desertification of land was understanding the variation characteristics of the meteorological elements, and it had important science significance and reality significance on the understanding about the ecological environment domino effect of the climate change. There were few research achievement of the climate change in the surrounding areas of the Tengger Desert currently, which greatly increased the indeterminacy of the research about the effect that the meteorological elements had on the desertification of land in the surrounding areas of the Tengger Desert. In this article,the Tengger Desert was the research area, the day by day data of the precipitation, temperature and the relative humidity during from the1959to2007in the six atmosphere stations (Alashanzuoqi, Zhongning, Yinchuan, Jingtai, Minqin, Wuwei) which located in the surrounding areas of the Tengger Desert was collected and organized systematically, the Mann-Kendall method, the accumulative anomaly method and the minimum anomaly method were used in the statistical analysis on the variation characteristics of the precipitation, temperature and humidity index, with a hope to achieve the variation characteristics of the meteorological elements in the recent49a in the surrounding area of the Tennger Desert, then the dry and wet variation characteristics of the study area in recent50a were also analyzed which could give method reference and necessary scientific basis to the analysis about the dry and wet variation characteristics of the study area in recent50a. Here were the major conclusions:(1) The precipitation in the surrounding area of the Tengger Desert had an major trend to decrease in recent50a, but the decreasing range was low, that is to say the downtrend was not outstanding(p>0.05). In the same time the precipitation had fortissimo seasonal differences, the precipitation mainly concentrated in the summer:seen from the space distribution,the west of the study area had lower precipitation but with a trend to increase while the east was just in an opposite situation; The variation trend of the annual average precipitation was instability(there were a lot jump points in the Mann-Kendall test), but the volatility of the precipitation increased in different levels; the periodicities of the precipitation were different in the six stations which located in the surrounding area of the Tengger Desert, for Alashanzuoqi, Zhongning, Jingtai, Wuwei, Minqin,8a was the firstly major period while for the Yinchuan, the15a was the firstly major period and the8a was the secondly major period.(2) The annual average temperature in the study area was8.59℃, and it increased entirety with a speed at0.36℃/10a, the significance past the confidence coefficient test (P=0.01). the air temperature were mainly had an trend to increase in every station, and the correlation coefficient between the air temperature climbing speed and the attitude was0.881, that is to say,they had a strong positive correlation. The air temperature increased in every season,thereinto the temperature rate could be0.6℃/10a in winter, which was far more than the temperature rates of the other seasons. The variation trends of the annual average temperature in the recent49a were almost the same, which had an outstanding phenomenon that the temperature increased after the jump point. The winter temperature had a more sensible response to the global warming, so the jump point of the winter temperature occurred in1990, which was far more earlier than the other seasons. For the annual average temperature, the23a was the firstly major period while the8a was the secondly major period. For Alashanzuoqi, Zhongning, Jingtai, Minqin,8a was the firstly major period while for the Yinchuan and Wuwei,23a was the firstly major period and the8a was the secondly major period.(3) The annual average humidity index was only0.12, and it belong to the extremely dry class. It decreased with a speed at0.006/10a as a whole, and the humidity indexes in each season also decreased in different levels. The humidity indexes in the east stations in the study area had a major trend to decrease while the humidity indexes in the west stations had an opposite phenomenon. The jump point of the humidity index occurred in the1978, after1978, the humidity index had a continuous decreasing trend with a firstly major period as8a and a secondly major period as3years.