Reproductive Biology Research Of Osmunda Cinnamomea L.var.asiatica Fernald

Osmunda cinnamomea L. var. asiatica Fernald is pteridophyte of Protoleptosporan-giopsida, which has great economic value. There are lots of achievements in genetics,physiology, biochemistry, anatomy and ecology, and there are detailed study inreproductive biology, such as spore germination type, ovogenesis, spermatogenesis etc..But the study of life history in O. cinnamomea L. var. asiatica Fernald wasdiscontinuous. O. cinnamomea L. var. asiatica Fernald is selected as the experimentalmaterial in this paper. The spores were cultivated in the method of artificial culture. Thegametophyte development of O. cinnamomea L. var. asiatica Fernald was observedwith microscope, and the development of spermatangium, archegonium and embryowere surveyed in paraffin section. The results are as follows.The green spores of O. cinnamomea L. var. asiatica Fernald is trilete, symmetrical.Spore germination is of Osmunda-type and Vittaria-type. And gametophytedevelopment is of Osmunda-type and marattia-type. There are lots of chloroplast inprimary rhizoid, and the rhizoids are diversity in development, including ramoseterminal, ventricose terminal and tortuous terminal etc.The gametophyte of O. cinnamomea L. var. asiatica Fernald is bisexualgametophyte, and the spermatangium is made up of seven to eight cells, which windaround each other to form the helix. The spermatogonium splits into spermatocyte bymitosis, and transformed into sperm cells finally. The spermatozoid is anticlockwisecoiled helix2.5to3gyres, which was active last for15minutes. Mature archegonium ismade up of one egg cell, one ventral canal cell and two neck canal cells with dikaryon.The frist division of the zygote was by the frist divided plane which was parallel tomacroaxis of archegonium, and perpendicular to gametophyte. The initial cells of leaf,root and foot first appeared in globular embryo, the primordiums of the first leaf and ofthe first root were developed into the first lesf and the first root, the primordiums of thefirst foot was developed into the first foot as well as.The first leaf is curly at the first time, and the later leaf grown into the base ofpetiole of the last one. There was not typical stem strcture that was founded until the 25th leaf developed. The young leaves of the next eight to ten years that was founded inthe base of petiole of mature sporophyte.Sugar and density have an effect on gender expression of O. cinnamomea L. var.asiatica Fernald. Sugar can promote the expression of the female gametophyte andrestrain the male expression. The gametophyte of lower growth density developed intofemale gametophyte, and the gametophyte of high growth density developed into malegametophyte normally. Female and hermaphroditic gametophytes were dominant in thesame population densities, which were larger than male gametophyte.The life history of O. cinnamomea L. var. asiatica Fernald was observed detailedly,and the development rule was founded. This paper provided base materials to analysisthe systematics position, and to develop the economic value of pteridophyte.