Studies On Propagation Technology And Photosynthetic Physiology Of Two Ornamental Mosses

Two ornamental mosses, Taxiphyllum cuspidifolium (Card.) Iwats and Fissdens taxifoliu-s Hedw., were chosen for the experimental materials. The morphological characteristics,reproduction models and effects of hormone and sugar on protonema germination andgametophyte induction were investigated by the means of liquid, solid and tissue culture. Andthis paper also dealt with relevant photosynthetic properties under different light intensitytreatments for the two moss species. The main results are as follows:(1)The leaf cells of T. cuspidifolium are long, narrow and thin. There is no differentiation ofcosta on the leaves. The multibranched stem has developed mechanical tissue, thus it cann’tstand upright. A large number of parenchyma cells could be found on the cross section of thestem. Thick costa was found on the leaf of F. taxifolius. Papillae were observed on the leaf sheathand rhizoid growth along the ventral surface of the stem.(2)Three kinds of basic media:1/2MS, Knop and Beneck, were compared for best mediumselection.The Knop medium had optimum effects on improving the new branch’s germinationand increasing the new branch’s length for the two bryophyte species.(3)The germination number and biomass of the gametophyte from the two species werehigher under the neutral conditions and reached the top at pH7.0with river sand as the substrate.(4)The optimal medium for induction of protonema and gemmules in T. cuspidifolium isKnop with10g L-1Sucrose and0.1mg L-12,4-D.1mg L-1GA3improved elongation growth of thegemmule, but inhibited the proliferation of gemmule.0-0.25mg L-12,4-D enhanced gemmuledifferentiation.(5)In the Knop medium, protonema differentiation rates of F. taxifolius were increases at theby high concentration of Sucrose and0.1-0.5mg L-12,4-D.1mg L-1GA3improved gametophytedifferentiation of the F. taxifolius, while2,4-D(0-0.5mg L-1) and NAA(0-0.1mg L-1) had nosignificant effect.(6) T. cuspidifolium got the highest chlorophyll content under the shading condition of85%，while F. taxifolius required to reach this level in95%shading degree，indicating F. taxifolius trends to adapt to the weak light environment. T. cuspidifolium got the maximum biomass under the illumination intensity of2000lx. And under the such condition, T. cuspidifolium had the highest utilization rate of light energy, the light energy absorped by PsⅡ was fully assigned to photochemicalreaction. For the F.taxifolius,got the maximum biomassunder the illumination intensity of1200lx and the highest utilization level of light energy wa-s achieved with the shading condition of20%or60%.