Tourist Coping Behavior In Crowding Environment

As we all know,landscape have seasonal characters and visitors leisure time are concentrate,which makes crowding become an universal phenomenon. In holidays, suburban scenic spot are extremely crowding. According to the existing research and on-the-spot investigation it is undeniable that even if so crowding visitor’s final satisfaction does not seem to have lessened. In this situation manager may lead to form a false judge about tourist’s experience, and cannot touch the deep idea of tourists because people measure the operators’service quality always based on the satisfaction. Visitor’s perceived problems are unresolved, at last the crowded situation remains the same, which may influence scenic spot seriously, and especially have harmfully effect on the ecological environment. But it seems that visitors can relieve psychological pressure through the coping behavior and shape a higher satisfaction. But it is disappointed that nowadays this mechanism has seldom deep research. This study takes theoretical exploration and typical case study, both the need of the tourist management theory research and scenic spot management practice.The literature research and on-the-spot investigation establish the Crowding and Coping Model, and with the model put forward the basic assumptions which contain three parts:one is explore the relationship between the coping behavior, crowding perception and satisfaction; the coping behavior influence factors; the grade sequence of the coping behavior, the classification of coping behavior and in the crowding situation tourists how to take coping behavior to reduce the negative feelings. The study takes China’s first national wetland park-Hangzhou XiXi national wetland park as an example, by the tourist’s field questionnaire survey and mathematical statistics analysis. Through the SPSS descriptive statistics analysis, single factor correlation analysis, correlation analysis, factor analysis, rank and inspection verify the theoretical model and the basic assumptions. The results of this study show that:First, tourist’s crowding perception and satisfaction are negative correlation, namely visitors perceived crowding level is higher, the satisfaction is low;Second, in the crowding situation the tourists take three coping behavior:cognitive adjustment, behavior adjustment and time adjustment to reduce crowding. Cognitive adjustment is through the psychological adjustment make crowding rationalization, behavior adjustment is space activities transfer, and time adjustment is mainly refers to visit time changing;Third, the articles divided visitors adjustment behavior influence factors into four categories that is visitor’s social economic character, tourist’s experience and preference, anticipate of crowding, environment of science spot and other visitors conduct. These factors have inordinately effect tourist’s cognitive adjustment, behavior adjustment, time adjustment, and the external factors have more influence on the coping behavior;Fourth, the level sequences of tourist coping behavior are "behavior adjustment-cognitive adjustment-leaving", behavior adjustment and cognitive adjustment is significant correlation, adjustment behavior especially cognitive adjustment had highly influence on their satisfaction;Based on the research conclusion, this study confirmed "Crowding and Coping Model". This paper also through the network questionnaire survey verified the CCM model, and comparative the results of on-the-spot survey and network survey, obtained the consistency and second research conclusion. In addition, to avoid landscape crowding and hold tourists satisfaction level, the manager of scenic should constrain tourist bad behavior, at the same time, strengthen the infrastructure construction, improve reception ability and service level, planning several tour line for tourists to choose, reducing high flow of tourists destroy the environment and so on.