The Loess Tableland Area Land Use Change And Driving Force Mechanism Research

The land use/cover change (LUCC) research is a hot spot and one of the frontiers of global change researches. It holds an important position in the changes of the global environment and sustainable development researches. Land is the most basic natural resources for human survival and development, while land use and cover change is the main driving force on the ecological environment change. With the deepening and developing researches on the global change, countries scientists realized more and more about human activities on the influence of the environmental changes. The human survival and development which act on the development and utilization of land and the land cover change caused by changes is an important component in the global environment. Therefore, as a starting point, many researchers are making the global change of land use/cover change as the main content of the studies.This article chooses the Loess terrace like plain as the study area. All kinds of material are collected in the study area widely. On the basis of the1985,1996,2000,2005,2010years five periods with remote sensing image as the main data sources, GIS and RS technologies are combined on the Loess terrace like plain and a further study and analysis are made on the land use/cover change. The study area is analyzed through land use dynamic methods and land use structure analysis to study the land use change process on Loess terrace like plain. At the same time, using the relevant statistical data on the Loess terrace like plain, this paper analyzes the natural factors on the land use pattern of Loess terrace like plain and the influence of the differentiation on the land use change driving mechanism, and the cultivated land and other social and economic indicators are established by multiple linear correlation model. Through the study, this paper has got the following main conclusions:(1) The change of land use dynamic characteristicsDuring the25years, the sets of land use type change of the Loess terrace like plain range different. The cultivated land area in the1985-1996,1996-2000,2000-2005and2005-2010four time shows the change process as decrease, increase, increase, and decrease; the forestry area is present a decrease after the first trend of increase, as from1.94%in1985to1.84%in2010; the grass area in1985-1996was established an increasing trend but has been reduced after1996, while the decrease rate has reduced from the2000years later; the waters area in1985～1996increased3.68km2, after that it presented a downward trend, has reduced11.28km2from1996to2010; the construction land area has increased during the25years, the increase was at the most from2005to2010, for80.59km2; In the six categories, bare land area is the smallest,25years range is not too much change, basically in a stable state.(2) Natural factors on land use the influence of the distribution patternThe cultivated land has been set as a dominate part in the eastern half dry climate zones and the semi-humid climate zones which accounts for82.53%and82.78%of each in the Loess terrace like plain; with the increase precipitation in woodland area, the proportion gradually increased; the grassland in the Loess terrace like plain shows a largest proportion in wet climate zone, for29.37%; the water land is mainly distributed in the Loess terrace like plain of half wet climate zone, the distribution area is32.53km2and in the other three climate zone the sum total of the area is only24.73km2; the construction land proportion in four areas distribute accordantly; the bare land area is small, mainly distributed in the Loess terrace like plain of eastern half dry climate zone, the area is0.39km.The cultivated land distribution is effected by elevation obviously. The farmland distributed in the level1tableland which below the altitude of630m is accounted for54.98%; in the Loess terrace like plain, the forestland area in each elevation distribution level is quite; the grassland in the level2tableland distributed as598.583km2, which accounts for43.19%of the total area of grass; the waters and bare land mainly distributed in the level1tableland were accounted for78.39%of the waters area and92.06%of the bare land area; the construction land in the primary and secondary tableland level distributed most widely, totally accounted for88.93%, which shows that371～800m of the Loess terrace like plain is a most populous area and the most frequent human activity area.Most areas in the Loess terrace like plain are suffering a water resources overload problem. The development and utilization on these water resources have transcended the bearing capacity of ecological environment which caused a huge pressure. Among them, the construction land use is the most widely overload region on water resources, with the area distributed of696.163km2, which accounts for68.22%of the construction land. The increase of population which makes a serious shortage of water resources in the region would cause the ecological environment worsening.(3) The driving forces of land use change mechanismThe increase of population, the development of national economy, the improving level of consumption and the improvement of agricultural mechanization degree are the main factors to promote the land use change quality in the Loess terrace like plain area.The increase of the population number and the improvement of the quality of life make a great pressure on land resources. And at the same time, the impact of the changes in the industrial structure and the economic development in Loess terrace like plain accelerate the process of urbanization, which making a large influx of people in urban with construction land rapidly outspread and occupies the cultivated land resource around the towns.Among the driving factors that affect the land use change in Loess terrace like plain, policy factors play a key role in regulating and controlling the change the way of land use on macroeconomic that protecting of the policies on cultivated land to be carried out.