Carbon Emissions Trading System Of China’s Power Industry

In recent years, global climate change caused by human over greenhouse gas emissions is becoming a hot spot. Countries have recognized that the atmospheric environment capacity resources are limit. To control carbon emissions is the only solution to the current global climate change. The United Nations Climate Change Framework Convention and the Kyoto Protocol set greenhouse gas emission allowances and emission reduction obligations for the parties to the developed countries. For the pressure of the international carbon emission reduction and reasons of national economic structure transformation, many countries have to explore an effective market economy means to control carbon emissions. At the same time, China also took energy saving and emission reduction to control carbon emission intensity as a targets of the "12th Five-Year Development Plan. Actual climate conference in Copenhagen in December2009, Premier Wen made a commitment to2020, carbon emissions per unit GDP decreased40%-45%, but according to the situation of the "Eleventh Five-Year planning completed, the situation is not optimistic. Only in terms of the electric power industry, power industry is an important area of carbon emissions, but it is also an important industry for the implementation of carbon emission reduction. China’s coal-dominated power structure will be the long-standing status quo, making the electric power industry is a longer carbon emitters. The effectiveness of the carbon dioxide emissions of the electricity industry is a crucial role in China low-carbon economic development. Chinese power industry is in a stage of rapid development, how to coordinate electricity load growth and reducing carbon emissions in contradiction is an arduous task placed in front of us.To reach the indicators, Electricity companies is taking through the adoption of clean energy technologies, carbon capture technology, reducing network losses and other technical means, carbon emissions trading to achieve emission reduction targets. Carbon abatement technologies’purchase and upgrade will increase the cost of power generation companies, led to an increase in the cost of power generation, added to the misfortunes. Power enterprises through carbon emissions trading can make full use of market-based instruments to reduce the cost of reducing emissions, and has the potential to make a profit. In February2012, the "12th five work of controlling greenhouse gas emissions program" will establish a carbon emissions trading pilot. This article is based on this background, the establishment of the power of carbon emission rights trading system, to coordinate the contradiction between electricity load growth and energy savings through the establishment of the electricity carbon emissions trading system. Electricity carbon emissions trading system is not only to protect the environment and the transformation of economic growth, making the Chinese fulfill their emission reduction obligations in the future and fight for the initiative in international carbon emissions, but also to mobilize the power to participate in energy saving.At present, China has not established a national carbon emissions trading system, which requires China to learn the lessons of experience in international carbon emissions trading system, combined with Chinese characteristics and carbon emissions trading system. Therefore, this paper mainly take the EU ETS experience as an example, a summary of the experience and the EU to establish a carbon emissions trading mechanism. Draw on the merits of EU carbon emissions trading system experience and other foreign carbon emissions trading scheme, this paper build the target model of the Chinese electricity carbon emissions trading system. Finally, it introduce the initial construction of China’s carbon emissions trading system, and its problems, to take measures to speed up the building of electricity carbon emissions trading system, hoping to build a carbon emissions trading system.The paper is divided into six parts, which reads as follows:The first part is the introduction. Firstly introduced the research background and significance of the research framework and gives a brief exposition.The second part is the introduction of the concept and theory of carbon emission rights. Carbon emissions is an emerging term in the world, there is no unified defined. This section first defines the three concepts on carbon emissions, carbon emissions trading and carbon emissions trading market.The third part is the need to establish electricity carbon emissions trading system. This paper is talked from three aspects on the need to build China’s electricity carbon emissions trading system:the protection of the environment and the transformation of economic growth, to fulfill the emission reduction obligations and fight for dominance of the international carbon emission rights, to mobilize the power enterprises to actively participate in.The fourth part of the target model of the China Electricity carbon emissions trading system. Through introducing the EU carbon emissions trading scheme, carbon emissions trading scheme and Australia’s New South Wales reduction plan and the establishment of China’s electricity carbon emissions The trading system is beneficial to the experience of enlightenment. On this basis, combined with China’s power to build the carbon emissions trading market system constraints, namely the contradiction between the coal-fired power industry based development and total control, uneven regional development of power industry and its market is low restrictions. From China’s carbon emissions trading system established objectives, principles and framework for planning, interpretation of the target model and framework of the China Electricity carbon emissions trading system.The fifth part is the initial construction of China’s carbon emissions and its problems. Expounded on China’s current status quo in the initial construction of the carbon emissions trading system, laws, energy saving technology, monitoring technology, the Clean Development Mechanism and Carbon Exchange, and pointed out the lack of a comprehensive system of carbon emissions trading law in its initial construction, the lack of standards and the basis of regional distribution of chaotic trading platform and other issues.Part VI:This section is a summary of the above, to speed up the establishment of the China Electricity carbon emissions trading system should follow the mandatory emission reductions after the first voluntary emissions reductions, the first government guidance after the market-driven and the national emission reduction after the first regional emission reduction guiding ideology. And formulate scientific and rational allocation of carbon emission standards through the establishment of the relevant laws of China’s carbon emissions, strengthen energy saving technology to support other aspects of the proposed measures, hoping to speed up the electricity carbon emissions trading system, electricity carbon emissions trading target mode of the system help.