Inspiration Of Roosevelt’s Agricultural Policy To Agricultural Development In China

Rural reform, the initial of China’s overall reform, has greatly liberalized rural resident’s productivity. But since1990s, low income of rural residents, great income gap between rural and urban residents, as well as large rural population in poverty have become a barrier to the development. Poor competitive power and backward technology of produce processing industry made it difficult to attract investment from outside. Lack of financial and insurance service add to the hardship of agriculture. All these factors lead to the devastation of agricultural ecosystem. Fragile infrastructure and poor adjustment of agricultural production contribute to the poor marketing performance.The Great Depression in the1930s brought great misery and disaster the human beings. However, Roosevelt administration adopted a series of "New Deal", which aimed to ease U.S. inner conflict by adjusting economic activities, stimulating demands and disposing surpluses. The central ideal of the "New Deal" is to support agricultural production by government’s intervening to economic activities."New Deal" helped the U.S. get rid of the Great Depression in the1930s, recover and develop economy, and lay a solid economic foundation, which made the U.S. a superpower after World War Ⅱ. Although as a remedy to recover economy, the "New Deal", some policies of which, in reality, harmed the poor, could not fundamentally get rid of economic crises, it set up a new model of government’s intervention into economy. It has a great impact on the world economy and agricultural development due to its subsidy policy, its agricultural ecosystem protection policy, and its agriculture education and agricultural technology extension policy. The "New Deal" has become a valuable legacy.The present situation of China’s rural and agricultural development has something in common with that of the U.S. in the1930s.In this dissertation, a series of workable measures concerning China’s agricultural development and rural prosperity are put forward on the basis of a careful comprehensive study, by employing comparative technique, on farming policy-making, farming situation, and restriction factors on agricultural development, both home and abroad. In order to increase Chinese famers’income, a standardized produce marketing system has to be set up. Agricultural development also depends heavily on the financial support from both government and financial institution. Dispersed agricultural production can no longer satisfy the development of modern agriculture. China’s agricultural development should be built on the industrialized farming, with advanced agricultural technology as its basis. Agricultural infrastructure construction and the ecosystem protection, in which the industrialized farming can be of great help, are key to China’s agricultural development. Meanwhile, China has to prevent the monopolization and polarization, as well as the new ecosystem disaster during the infrastructure construction and agricultural development.After a comprehensive analysis of the background and features, measures and their impact of the New Deal, comparing them with China’s present situation, a conclusion is reached that China’s agricultural development can only be reached by means of raised investment in agriculture and increased income of rural inhabitants, construction of agricultural infrastructure, farming industrialization, and a standardized management of produce marketing system, with the emphasis on the protection of natural resources and ecosystem. The construction of financial and insurance service and an efficient popularization system of farming technology is also of great importance. The consolidated leadership of the government will guarantee the realization of the sustainable development of agriculture and the prosperity of rural area.