Research On The Spatial Distribution And The Environmental Benefits Of Bioenergy In Jiangsu Province

With the rapid development of the economy, the relationship between environment and energy becoming increasingly crucial. Therefore, a low-carbon society is a natural choice. In order to cope with the energy crisis and environmental pollution, most of the countries are doing research on new energy and renewable energy to reduce carbon emissions which is promised in the Kyoto Protocol. The World Climate Summit in Copenhagen in December2009is another significant event following the Kyoto Protocol, and the energy problem is still the focus of worldwide attention.Bioenergy, a renewable energy, connects energy, environmental protection and the agricultural issues.perfectly Because of the advantages of carbon balance and low-sulfur, the bioenergy shows superiorities in the low-carbon age. China is the world’s second-largest energy spender, as well as a large agricultural country, so it is more urgent to develop the bioenergy.for China. The Long-term Development Plan for Renewable Energy in June2007indicates that bioenergy is the key area in renewable energy. Jiangsu Province is one of major enegry spender provinces, while the percentage of energy self-sufficiency is only about11%, and the insufficient supply of energy is a grave problem. As a result, it was picked to be one of four pilot provinces for Renewable Energy Law. Furthermore, it is the only province which emphasizes the development of bioenergy. However, the bioenergy industry in Jiangsu is not mature, and so many problems on the initial stage need to be solved, such as the lack of general planning, the imperfection of policies, the backwardness of technology, the information and market obstacle. The information obstacle means that the bioenergy and the bioenergy industry are insufficiently understood, moreover, the researches on the application of agricultural bioenergy are deficient. And the market obstacle indicate the low economical profits of bioenergy as well as the low market competitiveness. This paper analyses the spatial distribution and the environmental benefits of agricultural bioenergy in Jiangsu Provence. And is divided into two parts. In the first part, the store quantities and the spatial distribution of agricultural bioenergy in Jiangsu are estimated, and then the evaluation system of agricultural bioenergy is established by employing the Model of Gray Relational Clustering Analysis, which can be used to analyze each city in Jiangsu and make appropriate plans. In the second one, taking crop straw power generation as an example, the economical benefits and limiting factors are analyzed, and then the environmental benefits of crop straw power generation is studied by the Life Cycle Method from the viewing angle of opportunity cost and the externality, and finally the benefit from reducing carbon emissions are evaluated by meeting the requirements of CDM(Cleaning Development Mechanism).The conclusion of this paper shows that the Jiangsu Provence is rich in agricultural bioenergy, and the quantities of energy from crop straw and dung represent more than90percents. The spatial distribution of bioenergy is stepped, which is decreasing from the northern part to the southern one. Clustering analysis shows that the area A including YanCheng, XuZhou, HuaiAn and SuQian is the most suitable place to develop the agricultural bioenergy industry; the area B includes NanJing, ZhenJiang, LianYunGang, NanTong, TaiZhou and YangZhou; and then the area C includes Suzhou, WuXi, and Changzhou. Based on the crop straw power generation in JiangSu, it is found that the enterprises of crop straw power generation are still not adequate, because the externality of resource and environment cannot be compensated properly. The monetary value of environmental benefits not only covers the enterprises’ costs, but also generates profits. The CDM project is an effective way for the bioenergy industries to earn income and cover costs.From what has been discussed above, several useful suggestions are given as follow: Firstly, the plan of bioenergy development should be based on the actual conditions; Secondly, the fiscal subsidy policies and the incentive mechanism should be improved; Thirdly, the externality of resource environment of bioenergy industry should be paid more attention to, and the CDM project is the key part to be developed; Fourthly, it is necessary to formulate management methods of carbon emission trading, and then the system of supervision and trading should also be improved, moreover, the capable regions and industries can be encouraged to trade carbon emission experimentally; Finally, the factor of resource and environment must be considered into accounting, and it is significant to find more effective ways for the bioenergy enterprises to compensate the externality of resource and environment.