Under the background of economic and technological globalization, international science and technology cooperation is an important measure that promotes technology innovation and improvement, and facilitates the national and regional economic and social growth. Through international science and technology cooperation, the reasonable allocation of essential productive factors are realized so that the productivity is enhanced and more economic profits are gained in the countries and areas which strike the cooperation. Inner Mongolia of China and Mongolia possess distinctive advantages in many aspects including location, folk-custom and resources. With strong complementarities in the fields of research and development of science, technology and transformation of scientific and technological achievement, the two sides have promising prospect in international science and technology cooperation. Guided by the related theory, the paper analyses the current situation of technology cooperation between Inner Mongolia of China and Mongolia in way of literature research; measures and calculates the collected and trimmed data to get the efficiency result in major industries in Inner Mongolia and Mongolia by means of positive analysis, that is, BOC module of DEA process. According to the measurement result, the advantages and constraints that Mongolia and Inner Mongolia may encounter during the international science and technology cooperation are analyzed in general and the strategy and advice that promote international science and technology cooperation between Inner Mongolia and Mongolia are proposed in the paper. |