Broadcast Propaganda Of USA In World War Ⅱ

"It is certainly a new starting point, for the first time the war used all decisiveelements of the entire human race to think about the same idea at the sametime, at least thinka bout the same concepts."①Walter Lippmann says. In theinitial four decades of the20th century, the U.S. media industry had undergonetremendous change. From this moment, a new era in the history of humancivilization got underway, it is the emergence of these emerging modernmeans of communication, so that people first time to take the initiative toattempt to restore the "common sense" in the worldwide. Of course, many ofthose who from the government and senior military officers, they manipulatedpublic opinion and meticulously planned, the famous American scholar HaroldD,(Harold D.Lsaawell), Lasswell doctoral thesis "War of the Worldsadvocacy skills "(Propaganda Technique in World War Ⅰ) There is no doubtthat the pioneer work of the research in this area. Dr. Lasswell, whoseadvocacy and research at that time was the highest authority, whosepioneering and prescient writing almost involved in all types of media duringWorld War I war, newspapers, brochures, flyers, books, posters, movies andpictures. The media impact of the First World War is basically stayedin theguidance of public opinion in this period and information dissemination in thefield of print media, newspapers and other publications and radio broadcastrather than stayed in technology level, the military played the role far morethan the dissemination of public media. However, this had not yet hinder thebroadcast as a new type of mass media in the brilliant achievements in thefuture, but for the moment the advent of the power savings, because soon, along with another greater scale and scope of world war, the radio finallyushered in the golden age, so from this point of view, this world wars led amilestone in human history of mass communication.In the view of the First World War, the broadcast networks had not formallyevolved as a public media, rarely used in wartime propaganda activities, Dr.Lasswell did not elaborate too much on the field. The outbreak of World War II,more than to open a new starting point, rather to some extent, attributed to theapplication of the invention of the cable and the subsequent birth of thetelegraph and radio technology. Radio had not only a public speaker linked theoutside world to the war situation, but also the belligerent Governmentsmouthpiece of the military, as one of the most important wartime propagandacarrier which was comparable to the most lethal war machine. The contents ofthis paper will mainly discuss and elaborate the United States stood by the sideof the Allied camp, whose radio broadcast media advocacy strategy in the warand its impact and significance, at the same time it reveals the U.S.government and the wartime propaganda work in public broadcasting and itsskills on the gain and loss of the United States as one of the most importantcountries involved in World War II, its geographical position and strategic planencompassed two major battlefield in the Asia-Pacific and Europe, after theoutbreak of the war, the United States, most of time it stood on the sidelinesand in the endless disputation, the situation of the battle and the tremendousimpact of the regime changed the results of the trends and strategic planningof the position in the war. During World War II, and as the United States wasquite active, not limited to traditional military operations and diplomacy andpolitical decision making, the exploration and practice of internal and externalpublicity of the wartime equally impressive, especially in the field of broadcastpropaganda. Although at the initial outbreak of World War II,"publicity","publicopinion" and other words, when President Roosevelt had to treat socialistdictatorship similar to the inherent bias, although the original meaning of the word "distribute or promote an ideology"①is a neutral term, but here we haveto clarify a fact that in the complex and sinister environment of internationalpolitics and wartime, especially the war propaganda work did some badpractices, so the term "propaganda" gradually developed with a negativeattitude. Even in the face of relatively neutral news reports communicatorsattitude would inevitably reveal the bias, this practice is therefore easily bemarked with the imprint of "propaganda". Although we hardly completelyagreedas impartial and objective the news content in the presence of thisspecial time, despite the best field announcer, reporters and newsorganizations also cannot avoid the doping of personal feelings of the peopleand nations would broadcast, let alone say that those who orchestrated newsfrom the national high-level. The author will explore the broadcasting war ofUnited States and associated countries during this dramatic world war fordetails.