Three-dimensional High-density Seismic Data Preprocessing Method Research

With the complexity of exploration targets, the high-speed development of the seismic exploration technology, and its characteristics of high signal-to-noise ratio, high-resolution, high-fidelity, high-density point technology at home and abroad in recent years is becoming rapidly the development of a seismic exploration techniques. This paper studies the high-density point seismic data preprocessing methods, by introducing the basic principles of seismic exploration and the technologies about high-density point exploration first,then describes the process of the seismic data preprocessing, seismic trace editing process are discussed in detail, F-K filter and digital weighted combination of a simple introduction. F-K filter use apparent velocity filtering method, the combination algorithm uses principal component analysis method.In the seismic trace editing, we use the waste channel identification and first wave extraction method. At present, the primary approach is the first intelligent identification and then artificial correction. Duo to that density point pretreatment system requires a total automatic, efficient handling of software design, this paper first introduces the two major waste channels identification method, then choose the k-means clustering algorithm research, and do the improvement. Presents a series of K-means clustering algorithm, making the recognition rate improved greatly. Energy ratio method was selected in the first wave extraction, and proposed the improvement method-Four windows sliding time window energy ratio method. This method allows the signal-to-noise ratio of seismic data still has a high early to extraction accuracy.At the end of the article, informs a software system to implement the algorithms, and completed the high density seismic pre-processing system design.