Fabrication And Application Of Four Kinds Of New Nonenzymatic Electrochemical Sensors Based On Functional Nanomaterials

The rapid development of nanotechnology has provided new opportunities for the nonenzymatic electrochemical sensors research. In this thesis, three kinds of nanomaterials were synthesized and applied to fabricated corresponding nonenzymatic electrochemical sensors. And new methods for detection of glucose, glycine and hydrogen peroxide were established, respectively. These studies not only enriched the research content of non-enzymatic electrochemical sensor but also expanded the application of nanomaterials. The thesis was divided into three chapters, the main content were as follows:1. The research progress of non—enzymatic electrochemical sensor was summarized. A brief introduction of the content and meaning of these research in this thesis was presented.103references were cited.2. Nickel hydroxide nanospheres accumulated by densely packed nanosheets were modified on the surface of graphene by a electrochemical way. The corresponding modified elctrode of nickel hydroxide-graphene/glassy carbon electrode was fabricated. Electrochemical behaviors of the nickel hydroxide nanoparticles and their electrocatalytic activity toward glucose were studied. The current response was linearly related to the glucose concentration in the ranges from1to10μmol·L-1and from10to1000μmol·L’(the correlation coefficient in the two ranges were both0.9971) with sensitivities of494μA-(mmol·L-1)-1·cm-2and328μA·(mmol·L-1)-1·cm-2), respectively. In addition, the detection limit was0.6μmol·L-1(S/N=3), and the response time was2s.3. Nickel oxide nanoparticles were modified on the surface of multi-walled carbon nanotubes through a codeposition and direct thermal decomposition procedure. The corresponding modified elctrode of nickel oxide-multi-walled carbon nanotubes/glassy carbon electrode was fabricated. Electrochemical behaviors of the nickel oxide nanoparticles and their electrocatalytic activity toward glycine were studied. The current response was linearly related to the glucose concentration in the range10to130μmol·L-1(r=0.9993) with a detection limit of3μmol·L-1and a sensitivity of819μA·(mmol·L-1)-1·cm-2. 4. Dendritic silver nanoparticles were modified on the surface of BMIMPF6-Nafion composite film by a electrodeposition method. The corresponding modified elctrode of dendritic silver nanoparticles-BMIMPF6-Nafion/glassy carbon electrode was fabricated. Electrochemical behaviors of the silver nanoparticles and their electrocatalytic activity toward hydrogen peroxide were studied. The current response was linearly related to the glucose concentration in the range from from50to6000μmol·L-1(r=0.9995) with a detection limit of20μmol·L-1and a sensitivity of293μA·(mmol·L-1)-1·cm-2.