Based On Energy Research Of Wireless Sensor Network Coverage Problem

Wireless sensor network (WSN) is a wireless distributed network system consisted of alarge number of micro-sensor nodes by the formation of self-organizing. These nodes havefunctions of information collection, data processing and transmission, and integrate with dataacquisition unit, data processing unit, data communication unit and energy supply unit. It is theIT hot technology having a significant impact on human life in the 21st century after followingInternet. There are wide applications for WSN in military defense, environmental monitoring,medical care, intelligent household, agriculture and other fields. Wireless sensor networkscombine information world with physical world, and change the interactive mode of people andnature. Now, WSN has been widespread concern of the community, and brings immeasurablebenefits to the society, resulting in the research boom of wireless sensor network technology.WSN works at poor conditions. Their nodes are usually deployed in the monitoring area byrandomly sowing and very unevenly distributed. The energy of these nodes is limited and cannot be added, so using effective energy-saving coverage and balanced energy consumptionmechanism to extend the network lifetime has been the primary consideration in the networkresearch and design. Based on not reducing the existing coverage levels, the coverage problemshould distribute the state of each node efficiently and minimize the network energyconsumption of each round, making the network energy consumption to be shared equally byeach node in wireless sensor networks. For WSN, the network coverage reflects directly themonitoring capabilities on physical world, energy consumption determines the life of the WSN,and coverage is closely related to energy consumption. This paper studies the coverage problembased on energy-aware, and its main contents include:1) First, it introduces basic situation of wireless sensor networks briefly, including thestructure, characteristics, application areas, key technologies and domestic and internationalresearch status; and makes a summary overview of hybrid sensor networks. Then, it describes thebasics and classification of wireless sensor network coverage, the evaluation of coveragealgorithms and the research status of energy-saving coverage; and discusses a great number ofcoverage algorithm put forward by scholars. Although these algorithms reduce the wholenetwork energy consumption, but they only focus on the moving distance of mobile nodes, cannot take account of the remaining energy of mobile nodes better, and can not balance the energyconsumption of each node.2) Fully taken account of two important factors of the nodes, moving distance and remaining energy, we define the finally remaining energy as the new standard to select mobilenode for coverage algorithms, and improve based on Voronoi diagram coverage enhancementalgorithm and based on virtual force multiple target coverage algorithm. It balances theremaining energy of network nodes. The simulation results show the effectiveness of theimproved method. To ensure the quality of network coverage, it makes full use of the nodeenergy, and improves the rate of network energy usage, extending the network lifetime.3) When the network appears coverage holes, WSN uses mobile nodes to repair themusually. For cascaded movement problems which WSN selects redundant nodes to repaircoverage holes, we introduce the energy availability and decisive energy of the paths consideringthe remaining energy of every node, and optimize the cascaded movement path from theperspective of multi-objective optimization. The simulation results show that the improvedmethod has good performance. It reduces the average moving distance of network nodes,balances the energy consumption of every mobile node, and improves the rate of network energyusage, extending the network lifetime.