The Identity Status Of Migrant Children And Their Relationship With Salient Identity

With the increasing number of migrant children, their social adaption has taken a lot of attentions. Identity is the necessary condition of social inclusion, identity in this article refers to the notion that after mobile children interact with the locals, they form their current regional identity awareness and significant others of their regional identity awareness. Current research of the identity of the migrant children often starting from the migrant children themselves, using questionnaires or interviews. So neither fully measure the dimensions and essentially to their identity, did not take into account the stability problems of identity. Identity do not only be studied by the explicit method, implicit paradigm of research can also be used. Identity both include self-identity and its identity of the significant others. Identity is not static and is in constant construction, deconstruction and reconstruction process. Identity construction of migrant children is not totally passive. In the interaction with the outside world, they take the initiative to accept outside influence of others, including teachers, parents, peers, neighbors and so on, then use these "feedback" re-construct their awareness of their own identity. On the one hand, the purpose of this study was to explore the identity status of migrant children, which can explain the structure of the identity and can provide reference for the education and relevant policies to the migrant children. On the other hand, since the identity is a process variable, this study highlights different identity of the migrant children to study the change of their identity, and to provide some suggestions for the media. In the specific research ideas, this study through literature review, questionnaire survey and experimental research to study the status of migrant children’s identity.Considering the existing three problems in the migrant children identity research areas, include a single research method, such as the research object dimension is one-sided and neglect the impact of media publicity. This study use the first, second and third grade mobility and urban children as research subjects, study the two dimensions of the identity, use the questionnaire to reveal the explicit status of the identity and the experimental research methods (EAST) to reveal the implicit status of the identity. To selected the materials of EAST, this study review the related literature and ask the migrant children and experts to finish questionnaire to get related vocabularies. After screening by evaluation, the experiment materials has settled. Use pictures to highlights the identity of rural people to examine the stability issues of the identity of the migrant children. Through three parts of the research, we get the following conclusions:(1) Explicit identity of migrant children in general show a tendency to blur, more than55%of the self-identity of the migrant children and others of their identity is not clear.(2) Remove fuzzy identity, migrant children self-identity are more farmer-identity than citizen-identity, the urban children agree with their more urban people.(3) Some of demographics variables, such as time of residence, gender, age and so on, have not significantly influence on explicit self-identity of migrant children. And the gender have a significant effect on others’explicit identity on migrant children. Girls have more fuzzy identity than boys, boys have more farmer-identity than girls.(4) The implicit identity of migrant children is very significant, self-identity of migrant children consistent with others, tend to be more farmer-identity, which means migrant children have a stable implicit identity.(5) Some of demographics variables, such as time of residence, gender, grade and so on, have significantly influence on implicit identity of migrant children. Specifically in the residence time of0-1years, the farmer-identity is the highest; the citizen-identity is at minimum in the time of3-5years, in residence time of10years, the citizen-identity is the highest and the farmer-identity is at minimum. The citizen-identity of female migrant children is significantly higher than male migrant children; the citizen-identity of urban girls is significantly higher than urban boys. Migrant children in the third grade, when the farmer-identity is the highest and the citizen-identity is at minimum, in the first grade, when the farmer-identity is at the lowest and the citizen-identity is the highest; while in the second grade, when the farmer-identity of others identity of migrant children is the highest, and in first grade when the farmer-identity is at minimum, these differences are significant. (6) Whether self-identity dimension or others identity dimension, the identities of the implicit and explicit are not significantly related, indicating that the two are independent structures.(7) Highlights farmer-identity affects the original fuzzy identity of migrant children, their identity turns into the farmer-identity. And this measure has no significant effect on the migrant children whose original identity is clear.