After World War Ii, American University Curriculum Policy Research

Since the Second World War, conform to the trend of history development and education reform, the American university curriculum policy got its own features. According to the features, we can divide this part of time into tree periods. The content of university curriculum from the end of1940s to the end of1960s is mainly focused on four aspects. Strengthen the training of Scientific and technological personnel, strengthen the all—round development personnel, give priority to the development of the "national defense" talents, promote the university curriculum internationalization. The value orientations of curriculum policy in this period mainly have the national security value orientation, the students based value orientation, the education fair value orientation. In the aspect of the subject of right, the government mandatorily intervened the generation of curriculum policy, the policy research organizations has a certain impact on the generation of curriculum policy. The content of university curriculum policy in age1970s to the beginning of1980s is mainly focused on two parts, encouraging vocation education, completely practice core curriculum. In this period the value orientations got its own features, firstly the "education equity" and the "efficiency comes first" value are organically consolidated, secondly the value of humanity and social needs are compatible with each other. In the aspect of subject of right, the government intervention in curriculum policy was eased. State’s decision making power in curriculum policy had been strengthened; students’right in making curriculum policy was reflected. The decision making power of curriculum policy research institutions was more prominent. After the1980s, the content of curriculum policy constantly strengthening the liberal arts education, speeded up the training of innovative talents, actively promoted the comprehensive personnel training, promoted higher education to be internationalized. The value orientations of curriculum policy in this period were people oriented value, economy developing value orientation and personalized curriculum value. In the aspect of the subject of right, the government intervention in university curriculum policy was rebounded, states government motivated universities to promote its curriculum reform, the rating agencies constantly influenced the university curriculum policy, school autonomy brought into full play.The decision-making power of the subjects of rights in American university curriculum policy was historically developing and changing, the influence by different decision-making bodies on policy was different in various stages of history. The curriculum policy was not value-neutral, the value orientation is throughout the whole process of curriculum policy. The value orientation of American university curriculum policy is different in periods. The value orientations between two ages are linked and inherited, but got its own characteristics of the era itself. Changes of value orientation had never been out of the mainstream of American value, democracy and freedom. The pursuing of democracy and freedom was throughout the university curriculum policy’s formation, development and implementation. After the Second World War, the American curriculum policy has a great impact in university courses and specialty settings. The manuduction for teaching contents of curriculum policy directly influenced the knowledge structure, the mode of thinking and the value formation of American students.