| Xuzhen is an important point of the regional social investigation.Because it’s not only an geographic and economic entity, but also an complex social entities. In the Ming and Qing dynasty, with the development of commodity economy, the village CaoShi which was desicribed as somebody is full, and no one is virtual" has gradually developed into xuzhen with fixed market and fair.Some of them which lied in traffic hub even developed into the goods distribution center of a town or some towns. In the same time, because of Taxation of silver and Agricultural commercialization’s tendebcy since Ming and Qing dynasty, which made the town and the surrounding villages area has the close connection, and constitutes a relatively strict rural market network.No matter in the political system, economic, culture or other aspects, xuzhen and village is a dynamic continuum. Because Xuzhen’s influence has penetrated into the surrounding rural areas and it can not leave the surrounding rural areas and exist independently. Moreover, they are not mutually closed coexist in an open network between Xuzhen and the surrounding areas because of their connection in goods,capital,population and cultural contact. Therefore, when we investigate Xuzhen, we can not discuss it lonely. We should combine it in the historical context which they rely on and surrounding areas.In Ming and Qing Dynasties, the development of social economic has accelerated the process of the Lingnan development. There is not only similarity but also difference in theirs development and properity or other aspects between North of Guangxi Xuzhen and Southeast of Guangxi Xuzhen. The development of northern Guangxi Xuzhen was the result of wrestling and collaboration with provider of Hunan, Guangdong and Jiangxi providers and Min provincial businessmen.Also, the opening of the commercial development made the northern Guangxi area inhabited by a large number of immigrants villages, which played an important role in forming theirs diverse culture and beliefs shape. Therefore, by examining the economic, social, and cultural ties of Xu Zhen and surrounding rural areas in northern Guangxi, we can then to study the intrinsic link of the national economic integration and the regional society changement in Ming and Qing Dynasties.Based on above mentioned, this thesis takes the relations among economic, social and cultural which exists in the towns of North Guangxi and the rim social as an entry point, and in view of the commodity economy development in the end of the Ming Dynasty and the Republic of China and the background of China’s social transformation. The thesis takes the development of the towns in North Guangxi as an ensemble, and takes representative Daxu as the main research line, with the help of Economics, Anthropology, Ethnology and other interdisciplinary theory as visual field, the author tries hard to reflect the economic, social and cultural development process in North Guangxi and the social change in this process, the author draws the outline of the track and characteristic and regular pattern in Daxu. This paper can provide theory reference for the urbanization and the development of urban and rural integration.This article mainly divided into seven chapters. In chapter one, it mainly reviews the element condition of Daxu in the Ming and Qing Dynasties and the period of the Republic of China, it includes the good traffic conditions and the business activities and the origins of the goods through various channels, as well as the internal and external environment of the commercial development which related to the town business. In chapter two, based on the investigation in the field, the author specifically introduces the space structure of business development in the Ming and Qing Dynasties and the period of the Republic of China. In this section, the author also introduces the transition of the business sites and the main business streets and the stores and the wharfs and all kinds of organizations which promoted the development of the business in Daxu.In chapter three, the author discusses the order issues related to the business development in Daxu from the management of the government power in the Ming and Qing Dynasties and the period of the Republic of China and the human environment in Daxu and the interaction relation between business development and folk believes. In chapter four, the author takes the Daxu peripheral country social as subject, and surveyed the business migration and the nearby country social and the financial situation in Daxu. From the Ming and Qing Dynasties, along with the acceleration of the development progress in south of the Five Ridges, the large-scale travelling merchants which from other provinces and immigrant and the Hakka entered into the towns and villages which spreads along the river basin of Guijiang. The circulating throng was the foundation that constituted the relation among the towns in the river basin of Guijiang and its surrounding cities and villages. As to towns, the flow quantity and the speed and pattern of the throng were all very important, and it was also the important base to realize the exchange among towns and cities and villages. In chapter five, the thesis further continue the content of chapter four, the anthor explores the relations among economic, social and cultural which exists in Daxu and its surrounding villages in the period of the Ming and Qing Dynasties and the Republic of China, in this way the author clarificates the complex issues between the market towns and the villages.The market town is the economic center in a certain area, the relation between the market town and its surrounding villages determines its scale and function and form to some extent. The economic link between Daxu and its surrounding villages mainly rely on the intensive water transport networks and some ancient business roads. In this section, the content mainly includes that the author conducts a detail carding in the traffic condition in Daxu and its surrounding hamlets and the distribution space of the business hall. In addition since the Song Dynasty, there had immigrants entered into the GuiJiang river basin, accompanying the spreading of the central plain culture. In the periods of the Ming and Qing dynasities along with the expanding of the commercial intercourse and inside and outside trade, the relation and interaction among verious ethnic groups became deepen, at the same time the interflow and conflict and fusion of verious ethnic groups in culture field became frequently day by day. Overall, however, the mutual tolerance and assimilation and fusion were the main stream in each ethnic group, consequently it took shape the cultural identity in verious ethnic groups. There are Guan-God belief and Han Emperor belief and the Dragon King belief and Matsu belief and other belief forms in the GuiJiang river basin, for this reason it formed the belief circle which based on the Guan-God belief and Han Emperor belief as the core. The Dragon King belief mainly realized by Go all the close and Rowing Dragon Boat and other activities. Go all the close mainly refers to the streets in the market town and its surrounding villages and villages between villages establish relative relations, and held some activities in the specific time, in this way they reiterated the alliance friendship,in the periods of agriculture civilizaion, the village water conservancy disputes exisedt for a long time, by means of the Dragon King belief they established relative relations, or through the worship of ancestry they strengthened the identity between families and formed village alliance, so they can deal with the challenge which came from other villages, it was also an alliance friendship in fact. In chapter six, the author mainly pays attention to the gradually decline rural relation of Daxu and its surrounding rural areas in in the Ming and Qing Dynasties and the period of the Republic of China, the author also tries to discuss the reasons for this change on that basis. In chapter seven of this paper it is the epilogue, the author mainly makes the comparison from the aspects of the spatial distribution characteristics and the economic base and the strength that pushed forward the towns’development and the market segments.In the process of transverse comparison, the author will find out the similarity between the towns’development and the character in different towns, then summarizes the type of towns’ development, and probes the reason and basis that establish the division standard. Through the study concludes between Daxu and the surrounding villages, this paper obtains the enlightenment in the research of market towns and villages’relationship. The relationship between the town and the surrounding villages constantly changing with time and environmental change, and has the obvious regional differences.For this reason, some one who wishes to explain the multifarious local markets in china using one theory or one pattern apparently doesn’t have enough persuasive. |
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