National Spirit And World Order

It is the biggest international political issue in modern China that Imbalance between China’s economic and its political status in the world exists. Moreover, China’s position in Hegel’s world order is an ideological resource of this issue. Then, this paper will be started around this topic, which based on Hegel’s Philosophy of History and consists of three parts:Hegel’s principle of world order, China’s position in this order and the contemporary application of this principle. In Chapter1, I introduce this principle from several aspects. Specifically,"time" instead of "space" is the basic element of this order, or in other word, world politics turn out to be world history in this order; then, we can see that the law of world history is rational historicism; moreover, the ration turns out to be nations in world history, while free will in individuals; what’s more, all individuals could present their rations only in the nation, while all nations could present their rations only in world history. Generally, as self-consciousness makes the self-determination, only the nations which present their rations can be the world-political nations, or in other word, the empire of liberty, their government of the world politics is the present of their nations’political mature.In Chapter2,I introduce the position of China in world order of Hegel, combined with the elements above. Specifically, for politics, Chinese polity is despotism rather than monarchy; the only relationship can be seen is that between master and slave, without dialectics; for liberty, the only thing we can see is one person’s caprice rather than all’s freedom. For history, the history of China is the process of political unification, in which there is no new political tasks. So, the history of China is unhistorical history, and this spirit presents itself in art, philosophy and science too. All those aspects could be generalized that the national spirit of China is a spirit without spirit, and China is the outsider of the world history. This idea of world order comes true in America, the China in this idea is also the modern China. So, the relation between China and World of Hegel turns out to be the relations between China and America of modern times. In chapter3,I analyze this transformation, and then point out the "self consciousness-determination" issue of modern China, consequently speak out the possibility of China’s becoming the world-political nation and Hegel’s positive influence in this process.