Study On The Differences In The System Requirements And Actual Operations Of The Election Of Grass-roots National People’s Congress Deputies

Though the election of the grass-roots NPC deputies aroused the interests of many Chinese and foreign scholars, most of the researches still remain in the general description and discussion. Through the observation and in-depth research of the implementation of the election of NPC deputies in L town of Nantong, the purpose of this study is to clarify how the election implemented in the town and village level. In the research, we find that the system which is regulated in the law is different from the one that to be done in reality. In the other words, different from the laws and regulations, the election is the choice made by the villagers, candidates, village and township cadres, after their rational considerations. In addition, the institutional implementation is also affected by the economic, political, social and cultural environment.Specifically, the problems to be solved are the following:Firstly, how does the election to be regulated in the relevant policies and regulations especially the "Electoral Law of the People’s Republic of China for the National People’s Congress and Local People’s Congresses"? We want to identify the relevant provisions of which have been fully implemented, and which have been disfigured through the comparison of the existing laws and the actual operations.Secondly, as the stakeholders in the election, which roles do the villagers, the candidates and the election committee play? Because of different status, the villagers, candidates, village and township cadres have different interests. So they have different attitudes and reactions to the election. They will adopt a different strategy to safeguard their own interests as much as possible.Thirdly, we attempt to clarify the factors which will affect the implementation of the election. We suppose that, in addition to the interaction of the stakeholders in the election, the economic development, community structure and the social culture will make some differences between the electoral systems and the practical operations. Through quantitative analysis, we want to investigate the specific factors which will affect the implementation of the election.In the discussion of these problems, we found that in the Chinese context, democracy, especially grassroots democracy, rooted in the human-oriented "acquaintance society", weakly correlated with the economic development, and at the same time, rely on the government support.