The Protected Areas System Of Water Pollution Prevention

Water is the source of life, and it is also an important material base of theeconomic development. People always thought that water is inexhaustible. But withthe development of science and technology, the power of people to change naturalenvironment is also growing stronger. We are not only getting the basic raw materialsfrom the water environment, but also discharging the wastewater into rivers, causingwidespread water pollution and decline of water quality, and even endanger the safetyof drinking water. This causes the people the issues of water source protection. In theface of comprehensive water environment crisis, our country has to take specialprotective measures in those water resources areas related to the health of people andthe important aquatic breeding. The system of water reserve is getting improved withrelevant laws’ establishment and revise.This paper wants to put forward proposals to perfect the water reserve system onthe basis of analyzing its history and implementation status as well as the legislationexperience learning from foreign countries. The first part elaborated the history ofwater reserve system in our country.This system is about choosing the importantwater resource areas to establish the reserves, which is a necessary choice whenfacing the comprehensive water crisis.This part analyzes the prevention systems in water pollution area (hereinafterreferred to as the water reserve system),giving out the basic concepts of protectionzone and the significance of its establishment, as well as its improvement gettingfrom the revise and formulating of "water pollution prevention law" and otherregulations.The second part introduces the classification of the protected areas system in"water pollution prevention law". This part focuses on classifying the water protectionareas as drinking water source protection areas and special water protection areas in this law system.The third part is to introduction of the main regulations about the water pollutionprevention protection area (reserves). In order to realize the protection of the waterreserves, a number of regulations are set down. Only the function of these regulationscan truly make the reserves be protected. This part mainly introduces the regulationsof delineation of the reserves and the systems of the water quality standard, and themonitoring regulations of the water quality, emergency systems of water reserves. Thedelineation of water reserves is the premise to make the water of reserves meet theneeds of drinking and ecological functions. Establishing water quality standardswhich are in coincidence with the meaning of protection of the water reserves andstrengthening the monitoring of water quality can reflect changes of the water qualityand control the pollution on the reserves timely in order to make the water meet thestandards. In the event of water pollution, warning response mechanism shall beinitiated timely in order to ensure the safety of drinking and protect human healthfrom damages.The fourth part is the introduction of water reserve management system. Sincethere is no special system for water reserve management in our country, we can onlyuse that of water resource management. And there is also lack of cooperation of therelevant administrative departments which do not match the characteristic of waterareas for quite a long time. This part offers many suggestions to improve our waterreserve management systems after giving a detailed introduction of those in othercountries.The fifth part is about the main problems and corresponding measures in waterprotection areas in our country. Actually there are shortages and defections in suchaspects as ecological compensation, public participation system, and constructions inprotection measures and legal responsibility system, apart from the existing problemsin management system. These defections relate to the lack of provisions on the object,standard and way in ecological compensation, and the platform from which the publiccan take part in. Most of the measures on the water protective measures are prohibitive, and provisions that involve encouraging the building of artificial wetlandsand the strengthening protection in those zones are quite limited and uncompulsorywhich cannot act as a deterrent to illegal activities. The paper puts forward legislativesuggestions to all these problems in this part.