Li Jiao Yongshi Stylistics Research

Li Qiao, who is one of "Four Literary Friends", left120miscellaneous poems. Heavily influenced by metrical tendency in early Tang, the metrical achievement is difficult to be surpassed by other poets. In the light of the deficit of research on Li Qiao’s poems, we plan to evaluate his achievement objectively from view of the stylistics, aim to give him a correct relocation in phylogeny of poem of modern-style.This paper falls into4parts:Part one, the preface; in this part we introduce the meaning of this study, the situation of the research, and the point of view of research. This part based on the previous definition of Style, stress on the analysis of the survive environment both from historical view and cultural view, not confine to the study of forms.Chapter one:characteristics and motivation of Li Qiao’miscellaneous poems. Liqiao’s miscellaneous poems influenced by the tendency of compiling reference books in early Tang dynasty, which is reflected in the characteristics:imitation of "Yiwen Leiju " in style and content; similarity of "reflection to content in title" with reference book. To the creating motivation of compiling reference books, the research falls into two ways:one is the research on poems in imperial examinations; the other is the research on his responsibility of Imperial College LIbate and his position in Parnassus. These are the reason of the creating of Li Qiao’s numerous miscellaneous poems.Chapter two:dualization. Since dualization is the main feature of modern-style poem, it is very meaningful to analyze the development of modern-style poem and the characteristics of Li Qiao’s miscellaneous poems according dualization. Firstly, it is because of the development of dualization theory and the prevalent of antithesis of poem in early Tang dynasty; secondly, study on dualization theory of poem in early Tang dynasty reflects the mature of this theory, which provide a basis for Li Qiao’ creation of miscellaneous poems. Thirdly, theoretical analysis and application of dualization theory by poets in early Tang dynasty, such as Shangguan Yi, and Cui Rong, led a heavily influence on Li Qiao. Fourthly, analysis on dulization in Li Qiao’s miscellaneous poems, which concluding the research on Li Qiao’s succeeding and promotion of dualization, as well as the variety of forms and the skilled application.Chapter three:tonal patterns. Firstly, we study the development of tonal patterns before Tang dynasty and the nurture of tonal patterns theory, which is basis of the versification in Li Qiao’poems. Secondly, we study the nurture of regulated verse with the help of Shangguan Yi, Yuan Jing,"Sijie", and Cui Rong, which is the direct condition of the creation of Li Qiao’s poems. Thirdly, we study the concept of poetics marked by emotion and beauty of rhythm, and we also analyze the rhythm of miscellaneous poems. Lastly, we research on the contribution of Li Qiao to the development of modern-style poem, which is the result of the joint efforts by poets such as Li Qiao, Shen Quanqi, and Song Zhiwen.