| Objective:This study investigated the relationship of Han adults’ external nose shape to the classification of nasorostral and nostril in Hunann by measuring the soft tissue of the external noses which providing objective reference data for rhinoplasty and cleft lip and palate operations.Materials and methods:8marking points (nasion, pronasale, alare, subnasale nose, highest point of the columella,entocanthion, left and right zygions, gnathion) and11items (nasal length, nasal height, nasal breadth, nasal depth, columella length, inter-canthic diameter, bizygomatic breadth, morphological facial height, nasolabial angel, nasofrontal angel, nasorostral angel) of193normal Han adults in Hunan (98men and95women) were measured according to the Handbook of Human Body Measurement written by Shao Xiangqing in order to get5ratio indexes: nasal index, nasal depth index, columella length-nasal depth index, nasal breadth-inter-canthic diameter index and morphological facial index. the objected were divided into3groups according to the shape of nasorostral and nostril and the measured values of the3groups were made for comparison for the purpose of understanding the relationship of the structure characteristics between nose and face.Results:1. The analysis result of the measured values in the group according to gender:the nasolabial angel and nasofrontal angel of women are larger than those of men, and the other values of men are larger than those of women. The values of nasal length, nasal breadth, columella length, morphological facial height, nasal index, nasal depth index, nasal breadth-inter-canthic diameter index and morphological facial index show statistical significance (P<0.01); while the values of nasal height, nasal depth, inter-canthic diameter, bizygomatic breadth, nasolabial angel, nasofrontal angel, nasorostral angel and columella length-nasal depth index have no statistical significance (P>0.05).2. The analysis result of the measured values in the group according to the shape of nasorostral:0sharp small nasorostral,92medium nasorostrals (38ones on male and54ones on female) and101blunt round nasorostrals (60ones on male and41ones on female) were measured. Statistical analysis reveals that the values of nasal depth, inter-canthic diameter, nasolabial angel, nasofrontal angel, nasorostral angel, nasal depth index of medium nasorostrals are larger than those of blunt round ones, while the other values of blunt round nasorostrals are larger than those of medium ones. The values of the nasal breadth, morphological facial height and nasal breadth-inter-canthic diameter index show statistical significance (P<0.05), while the values of nasal length, nasal height, nasal depth, nasolabial angel, nasofrontal angel, nasorostral angel, columella length, inter-canthic diameter, bizygomatic breadth, morphological facial index, nasal index, nasal depth index, columella length-nasal depth index have no statistical significance (P>0.05).3. The analysis result of the measured values in the group according to the shape of nostril:52square round nostrils (25ones on male and27ones on female),23round triangle nostrils (11ones on male and12ones on female) and118elliptic nostrils (62ones on male and56ones on female) were measured. The measured values have no statistical significance.4. The measurement of nasal shapes and facial shapes:nasal shapes:5ultra-narrow noses (all on female),127narrow noses (49ones on male and78ones on female),60medium noses (48ones on male and12ones on female),1wide nose (on male), facial shapes:57ultra-wide faces (2ones on male and55ones on female),37wide faces (1lone on male and26ones on female),29medium faces (10ones on male and11ones on female),28narrow faces (24ones on male and4ones on female) and42ultra-narrow faces (all on male).Conclusions:1. The mainly nose types of males in Hunan are narrow and medium, which of females is narrow. As for the facial shape, it is tend to be narrow for males and the wide for females;2. The mainly nasal type is narrow in all the nasorostral shapes. The facial shape is tend to be wide for the medium nasorostral group, while there is no difference for the blunt round group;3. There is no special relationship between the shape of nostril and nasal or facial shapes;4. This survey enrich the database of nasal and facial shapes of Han adults in Hunan to a certain extent, and provide references for the design and nostonerative evaluation of nasal deformitv... |
PDF Full Text Request