Comparative Study On Ecological Compensation System Of China And The United States

Along with economic development,Human’s demand for natural resources isgrowing,the unreasonable utilization behavior caused a series of ecological andenvironmental problems.In order to solve the contradiction between economicdevelopment and ecological protection,to achieve the harmonious development of manand nature,humans began to seek an effective solution.Ecological compensation systemfocused on the pursuit of social equity and justice,Emphasis on the rights andobligations,by regulating the relations between the relevant stakeholders in the ecologicalprotection,To achieve the purpose of harmonization of social, natural,economic.Ecological compensation system is an effective means to solve ecologicalproblems.Comprehensive legal and policy system and operating mechanism is the key toeffective implementation of ecological compensation.The point of view of thedevelopment of our current ecological compensation,China has not yet completed a set ofeffective and targeted ecological compensation legal policy system and compensationmechanism.This is not only an impact on the process of China’s ecological protection,butalso affect the equitable distribution of benefits of the social environment.Americanresearch and practical experience in the field of ecological compensation is longer andmore perfect than our,accumulated some successful experiences,the system of ecologicalcompensation system has been initially formed.By study on the context of thedevelopment of the ecological compensation system、basic elements and state of thepractice of China and the United States,summary examine our defects anddeficiencies,learn from useful experience in ecological compensation system in the UnitedStates,Ultimately perfect the system of ecological compensation in China. This articlediscusses some of thefive points:The first part is the introduction.It presents the research background,reasons for thecomparison study and the significance of this paper,brief of this research ideas andresearch methods. The second part has carried on the development of the ecological compensationsystem beween China of the United States. To get the macro-understanding of theecological compensation system beween China of the United States, this paper analysesthe representative of the connotation of the theory and interprets the development processof each system,from the evolution of the ecological compensation and the developmentcourse in both countries on issues like source problem.This paper gets the conclusion thatecological compensation system of both countries exists in intercommunity anddifferences, by comparing the difference beween the different levels of economicdevelopment, the natural geographical environment, cultural ethics in both countries.The third part has carried on the comparison on the basic elements of the ecologicalcompensation system between China and the United States.Split the ecologicalcompensation system as a whole,start from the basic elements of the ecologicalcompensation system.The article compared the compensation object, Acceptance Subject,compensation way, compensation standard,compensation program and compensationmanagement mechanism between China and the United States，to find our flaws andomissions.The fourth part has carried on the comparison on the practice of ecologicalcompensation.First, this part introduces the ecological compensation legislation betweenChina and the United States.Then analyzed the typical policy and institutional,mainlycited a typical case of China and the United States in the mineral, forest, watershedprotection.Finally, sum up the practical experience of the United States,and examine thepractice of ecological compensation in China.Learned that China’s ecologicalcompensation defects.For example, there is no specialized ecological compensationlaws,the social public participation is not perfect.The fifth part is the focus of this paper. Comparing with the above,and combinedwith revelation of the ecological compensation system of the United States for our country,this article puts forward the idea of perfecting ecological compensation system inChina.This part has elaborated the basic ecological compensation system building and theoperation and security of ecological compensation system. The construction of the basicsystem of ecological compensation should be combined with basic elements of ecological compensation and will further improve them. In this part of the ecological compensationof the operation and protection,this paper emphasizes,first of all,the premise of theecological compensation of operation is the specialization and systemization of theecological compensation legislation.Second of all, the ecological compensation ofoperation needs perfect supporting system and policy,such as strengthening the continuityof the ecological compensation policy, carrying out multi-channel public payment system,seting up a sound system of public participation.At last, we should actively carry out thelegal publicity and education of the ecological compensation for the supporting measuresof the ecological compensation of the operation and protection.