| China is an old country which brings Chinese herbal medicine treatment and disease prevention into full use. In the process of development and make use of Chinese herbal medicine, the extraction of its active ingredients is an importment part of modern extraction of Chinese herbal medicine materials. However, the traditional extraction methods such as solvent impregnation method, boiling method and water distillation that not only time-consuming consumption but also extraction rate is very low. So, they have been restricting the advance of the modernization of Chinese medicine. With the emergence of ultrasound technology and its wide rang of applications, ultrasound-assisted extraction of Chinese herbal medicine plays a very critical role in the development of the modernization of Chinese medicine.Patrinia villosa is not only a nutritious excellent wide vegetable but also a good efficacy of common herbal medicine. It is widely distributed in the north and south Chinese provinces and autonomous regions. It is reported that people began to eat it as early as the Zhou dynasty. Its medicinal value has been recorded to Jiayou recharge Meteria Medica, Ben Cao Yan Yi and Shen Nong’s Herbal Classic. It is also reported that Polyphenols in the Patrinia villosa, tannin has anti-bacterial, anti-inflammatory, anti-aging, anti-tumor activity, treatment of diarrhea and constipation. However, tannins process has not been reported on ultrasonic extraction of Patrinia villosa. Therefore, there is a certain significance to make use of ultrasound unique effects such as cavitation, mechanical and vibration to extract the Patrinia villosa in a tannin.In this paper, based on the Fick’s first law and Chinese herbal medicine extraction mechanism, taking into account the influence of ultrasonic cavitation on plant cells’ broken and extracted and ultrasonic field on the solid-liquid diffusion, the model of the extract of dynamics is established. The relationship between concentration and ultrasonic time, ultrasonic power is obtained. And tannin in the Patrinia villosa is experimented by ultrasonic extraction. Using Matlab the kinetic equation is verified. Finally, the experiments of process optimization are designed by orthogonal methods. The main results are described as follows: Compared the usual heating-reflux to ultrasonic extraction, the content of tannin is determinated by using the spectrophotmetric method. The extraction rate of tannin is determinated using a modified F-D method. The content of tannin extracted by ultrasound is higher than by heating-reflux. The results show that ultrasonic extraction is superior to heating-reflux. It can be see from the verification that in the certain time, there is a linear relationship between the InC and the Int, and so do the InC and the InP. So, the basis for the experiments is provided.As the standard substance of tannin, the content of tannin was analyzed by spectra-UV at660nm, and the temperature at25℃. The linear relationship of quercetin is y(μg/ml)=0.0749x+0.0151, R2=0.9987, with the range of0.002g/L-0.01g/L.Based on the single factor experimental, ultrasonic power, liquid ratio, ultrasonic time and solvent concentration are selected to design the orthogonal experiment. And the effect of the factors to extraction is liquid/solid ratio>acetone concentration>ultrasonic power>ultrasonic time. By calculating the analysis of the optimal combination of conditions:solid-liquid ratio1:70, ultrasonic power160W, ultrasonic time30min and70%acetone concentration. Under these conditions, the extraction rate is4.33%. It is hoped that some relevant theroretical and experimental references in medicine and industrialization are provided. |
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