"(The New Engraved) Mandarin Hui Jie Bian Lan" Pronunciation Research

"(The new engraved)Mandarin Hui Jie Bian Lan"of Cai Shi is printed and published in Xiazhang in the late Qing Dynasty, the nature of the book of a standard pronunciation.This book has not been done systematically studied.Available sound Note material1558.Take the descriptive phonetics method, statistical method, synchronic and diachroniccomparison combined pronunciation phonology pronunciation object material analysis, the main conclusions are:One:This book is the official voice on behalf of the late Qing Dynasty, but it is not a mere official record voice.There are20initials, which is characterized by:1.The voiced(浊音)initials become voiceless initials.Initial Wei(微disappeared, merged with initial Yi(影)；retained initial Yi(疑),but the demise signs are obvious.2.The initial groups of the Jing(精),Jian(见)appear palatalized.3.The are two systems in the use of initial groups of the Zhi,Zhuang,Zhang(知庄章)and Jing(精)nitial Ri(日)becomes Zero initial.4.Dialect affect initials Note interaction of one or both of the independent case.There are43finals, which is characterized by:1.The pattern of Kai,Qi,He,Cuo(开齐合撮)has been formed.2.The finals of [(?)、ι、(?)],[y] already exists.3.The second rhyme classified as first-class rhyme and third-class rhyme,appears a lot of the fourth-class rhyme confused with the third-class rhyme.4.The Entering Finals(入声韵)still exists,[p、t、k] are mixed note,evolved[?].5.[m] disappeared,classified [n、η],a small amount of [n、η] be confused.6.The finals of Tongshe(通摄)are merged into one final [uη].7.Zhizhang(知章)group of third-class rhyme read Hung tone,but not quite.8.Dialect affect finals Note interaction of one or both of the independent case.There are six tones:plain tones(平声)divided into up and down,rising tones(上声),departing tones(去声),and enter tones(入声) divided into up and down.Two:The pronunciation object of "(The new engraved)Mandarin Hui Jie Bian Lan" must be the people who speak Zhangzhou, Quanzhou dialect.