The Effect Of Extrinsic References Or The Difference Of Characteristics In Group On Average-Effect

During the researches in the past, people were always affected by "average-effec" when they evaluated themselves belong other people.Average-effect includes above-average effect and below-average effect. Later they found that people were also affected by "average-effecf" when they evaluated the objects at the same level.So researchers believe that it would be an ubiquity effect.They devoted themselves to the reason of average-effect.But other researchers found it would not be an ubiquity effect,it would be disappeard when it affected by particular occasions.But there is few researches on the influencing factor of it. Therefore, the author conducted two experiments based on the hypothesis that the effect was influenced by "extrinsic references" and "the difference of characteristics in group" respectively.60college students participated in the first experiment, in which they were required to evaluate things of the same category with references and without references respectively. They were divided into experimental group with references and experimental group without references randomly. The result of experiment one showed that there was no average-effect in the experimental group with the extrinsic references, whereas average-effect was found in the experimental group without the extrinsic references. Another30college students participated in the second experiment,they need to commented on photos that the difference of characteristics in group is marked.The result of experiment showed that no average-effect appeared in the experiment.Therefore, the author concludes that the average-effect is a phenomenon of fuzzy evaluation and that the average-effect disappears when the participants are influenced by the defference of characteristics in group.