| In the early days of New China, Hebei province preceded with the Winter-studyCampaign based on the experience and success of farmers’ education in the Anti-Japanesebase areas and the liberated areas. From1949to1956, the Winter-study Campaign of Hebeiprovince had its own features and was fruitful.This paper introduces the developmentsituation of the Winter-study Campaign of Hebei province.Finally we summarize thecharacteristics of the Winter-study Campaign in Hebei province and the cause of the decline.The study of Winter-study Campaign in Hebei province not only can help us to understand thefarmers’ education situation at that time, but also is a reference for today’s adult farmers’education.This paper is divided into four parts:The first part mainly introduces the causes and background of the Winter-studyCampaign in Hebei province. Before1949, The Winter-study Campaign in Hebei had madegreat achievements and valuable experience for the development of Hebei province’sWinter-study Campaign, which offered the possibility; the cultural demand of farmers and theneed of ruling of CPC, provided the inevitability.The second part discusses the initial launch work of Winter-study Campaign in Hebeiprovince. Although winter is a tough period for the launch work, the preparatory work of thecampaign made brilliant achievements through diverse popular ways. According to ProjectDocuments of the provincial government and the intensive degree of the materials fromcounties, we divide the seven years into three phases: recovery development period, themature period, and consolidating period.The third part discusses the teaching and management in the campaign. In this part, weintroduce the teaching process and running process from four aspects: administrativemanagement, teaching management, teachers’ management and fund management. We’llobserve the campaign from the concrete details.The fourth part is the further research on this subject. We summarize the characteristicsof the Winter-study Campaign in Hebei province: having a good foundation, the most obvious social movement characteristics and so on. Through oral data, this paper expounds the conflictbetween agricultural production, farmers’ living and the campaign. It explains that formershaven’t free time even in winter. This paper also expounds the mentality change andideological change of farmers, learning condition of the women, the transformation fromwinter study into formal school learning.This part also expounds the role and impact of theWinter-study Campaign, analyses the causes of the campaign. With a "movement" fate, theWinter-study Campaign in Hebei province can’t cure its Achilles’ heel. Finally, this paperexplains four aspects: the Winter-study and the rural society construction, the Winter-study’spositive influence on social management, the Winter-study and civilians’ education, and soon. |
