The Comparative Study Of Three A Minor Fugues Of Bach、Chopin And Shostakovich

In piano works, Fugue is a genre of the multi-part counterpoint writing works. Themain feature is mutual imitation in the department. From the17th to21st century in thewest, it is still one of the major genres for piano students to learn. In which Bach’s Fuguein a minor created in later life is one of the undergraduate Fugues, Chopin’s Fugues in aminor are included as one of collection works in the Shanghai Conservatory of Music,which is an important part of the popular piano education in China. Shostakovich’s Fuguesin a minor have become standing repertoires in the pianist concert.This paper is divided into four chapters. In the second chapter, the evolution ofFugue, we could know the rise and important composers of the Fugue, and the creationbackground of three Fugues in a minor. In the third chapter, we talk about Fugues ontheme, harmony, tone and tonality. In the fourth chapter, we could understand the playingtype of Fugues in a minor from the tone, rhythm and melody processing. In the creation,the structure of the three works have not changed with the time goes on. The Fugueretained the presentation, middle and recapitulation structurally. The development ofmelodic using the theme in first was followed by the answers and questions. In tuning andtonality, although Shostakovich used the tuning of the Russian nation, but melodic andharmonic minor works dominant tonality. Glimpse of the different periods of thecomposer’s writing in harmony, the end of Bach’s chord is a major chord, Chopin andShostakovich’s are minor chords. It uses major third, minor third, pure fourth, pure fifth,pure five and pure eighth in melody. Shostakovich uses a considerable number ofadditions fourth and major seventh interval which tell us a new model appears in20thcentury Fugue writing style.The innovation of this paper is the comparative analysis of three works of differentperiods in the same tonality. With the passage of time, Fugue’s writing and playingtradition has been extended, and their theories have rise to a new height. Although Fugueis not the most important form in romantic music camp, but Mendelssohn, Schumann andother composers in Fugue creation and research make the Fugue have been a long-term concern and development. This paper helps teachers and students make a deeperunderstanding of music style by a comparative study of the three works. In addition, it alsoprovides a practical reference of the piano.